Comparación entre lubina (Dicentrarchus labrax)salvaje y cultivada: composición quimica y variación del contenido en ácidos grasos tras el cocinado.

Zusammenfassung

Sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) has a high commercial value, and has been widely farmed in the last ten years. Consumers consider that wild sea bass presents a high quality, so that the fi rst objective of the present study has been to compare the chemical composition of the fl esh from wild and farmed sea bass. In addition, from a nutritional point of view, fi sh meat is considered an important dietary source of protein and long chain ù.3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, mainly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5 ù-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6 ù-3), because of that the second objective of our work has been to ascertain the fatty acid profi le in the fl esh of wild and farmed sea bass and to evaluate the changes in these nutrients during steam cooking. 10 specimens of each origin (wild and farmed) of sea bass with an average size of 350g, were selected to determine the proximate composition (protein, fat, moisture and ash), mineral content, total basic volatile nitrogen, muscle pH, and hydroxyproline and collagen concentrations. The fatty acids were determined in the fl esh of raw and steam cooked fi llets of both types of sea bass using gas chromatography. The obtained results showed statistical differences in those parameters related to environmental and nutritional conditions (total fat and mineral content). The profi le of fatty acids showed statistical differences due to type of cultivar since the fl esh of farmed sea bass presented the highest content of linoleic acid (the main ù.6). No changes in the fatty acids of wild sea bass fl esh after steam coking were observed, however, the fl esh of farmed specimens showed signifi cant losses of monounsaturated fatty acids (oleic acid) from the ventral fat probably from adipose tissue located beneath the skin.