Estudio antropométrico y de ingesta de alimentos en adolescentes de Extremadura y factores asociados al desequilibrio ponderal

Abstract

The study of the nutritional assessment of individuals is important at any stage of life, but during adolescence, it plays a key role, since major changes occur that can lead to overweight and obesity in adolescents, with serious repercussions in adulthood. This Doctoral Thesis was aimed to carry out an anthropometric and food intake study in adolescents in Extremadura’s Region (Spain); to analyse them taking into account different factors, and to relate them to the prevalence of overweight. An analysis of their eating habits and lifestyle were also considered. When comparing the results of anthropometric parameters and the prevalence of overweight in our population with those of other studies, it was observed that our adolescents had a higher degree of adiposity and overweight. On the other hand, adolescents from urban populations presented worse values than those from rural areas. In terms of healthy habits, boys spent more time on physical activity and had better breakfast habits. Finally, analysis of the food consumption surveys showed that they did not follow the recommendations for some foods (products rich in saturated fats and sugars and pulses and vegetables), although they had an adequate consumption of other products (dairy products, eggs, and fish). This work will be useful in establishing guidelines for adolescents' eating habits and lifestyles to prevent overweight and obesity.