Gender, Ideology and Conceptual Metaphors: Women and the Source Domain of the Hunt

  1. María D. López Maestre
Zeitschrift:
Complutense Journal of English Studies

ISSN: 2386-3935

Datum der Publikation: 2020

Nummer: 28

Seiten: 203-218

Art: Artikel

DOI: 10.5209/CJES.68355 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openOpen Access editor

Andere Publikationen in: Complutense Journal of English Studies

Ziele für nachhaltige Entwicklung

Zusammenfassung

Como proceso cognitivo, el razonamiento metafórico es inevitable, pero eso no quiere decir que este sea necesariamente inocente o neutral. Como es bien sabido, los dominios conceptuales del amor y el sexo han sido ampliamente estudiados por la lingüística cognitiva. No obstante, un dominio fuente que merece una mayor atención desde una perspectiva ideológica y de género es el dominio de la caza. A través de un enfoque que combina la lingüística cognitiva y el análisis crítico del discurso, este artículo tiene como objetivo examinar el amor, la seducción y la búsqueda de pareja o marido a través de metáforas de caza, haciendo hincapié en la representación discursiva de las mujeres y la caza. En los textos estudiados, todos ellos en lengua inglesa, se ha podido observar cómo las metáforas conceptualeselamor/laseducción/labúsquedadeparejaomaridoesunacaza se activan por medio de expresiones lingüístico-metafóricas que utilizan términos como cazar, perseguir, capturar, atrapar (hunt, chase, pursue, catch, capture, trap), etc. En relación con la dimensión ideológica de las metáforas, hemos constatado cómo estas constituyen un poderoso instrumento de transmisión de creencias, valores y concepciones dominantes de la masculinidad y la feminidad. En los textos objeto de estudio se han podido detectar ideologías de género que asignan al varón una posición socialmente privilegiada, así como otras ideologías sexistas subyacentes que sustentan y refuerzan el dominio masculino y la sumisión femenina.

Bibliographische Referenzen

  • Agnew, Margaret Chason and Catherine Hamrick (1996). The Husband-hunting Handbook: Advice and Recipes for Landing the Perfect Man. Birmingham (AL): Crane Hill Publishers.
  • Ahrens, Kathleen., ed. (2009). Advertising in Politics, Gender and Conceptual Metaphors. Basingstoke: Palgrave.
  • Anderson, James A., ed. (1989). Communication Yearbook 12. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
  • Barringer, Judith M. (2001). The Hunt in Ancient Greece. Baltimore: The John Hopkins University Press.
  • Bellido Díaz, José A. (2003). Metáforas amatorias en la elegía latina, Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, University of Huelva, 203-259.
  • Bellido Díaz, José A. (2008). Desde Calímaco a Cervantes: Una imagen venatoria en el contexto amoroso. Anales Cervantinos XL, 133-143.
  • Benítez-Castro, Miguel A. and Encarnación Hidalgo-Tenorio (2018). ‘We were Treated very Badly, treated like slaves’: A Critical Metaphor Analysis of the Accounts of the Magdalene Laundries Victims. In Villar-Argáiz, Pilar, ed., 101-127.
  • Caballero, Rosario and Iraide Ibarretxe-Antuñano (2009). Ways of perceiving, moving, and thinking: Re-vindicating culture in conceptual metaphor research. Journal of Cognitive Semiotics 5, 1-2: 268-290.
  • Cai, Dongman and Alice Deignan (2019). Metaphors and Evaluation in Popular Economic Discourse on Trade Wars. In Navarro i Ferrando, Ignasi, ed., 57-78.
  • Cartmill, Matt (1993). A View to Death in the Morning: Hunting and Nature through History. Cambridge (MA): Harvard University Press.
  • Charteris-Black, Jonathan (2004). Corpus Approaches to Critical Metaphor Analysis. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Charteris-Black, Jonathan (2006). Britain as a Container: Immigration Metaphors in the 2005 Election Campaign. Discourse and Society 17, 5: 563–581.
  • Charteris-Black, Jonathan (2011). Politicians and Rhetoric: The Persuasive Power of Metaphor, 2nd edition. Basingstoke/New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Charteris-Black, Jonathan (2013). Analysing Political Speeches: Rhetoric, Discourse and Metaphor. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Charteris-Black Jonathan (2017). Competition Metaphors & Ideology: Life as a Race. In Wodak, Ruth and Bernhard Forchtner, eds., 202-217.
  • Charteris-Black, Jonathan (2017). Conclusion to Special Edition on Metaphor & Religion. Metaphor and the Social World 7, 1: 122-129.
  • Charteris-Black, Jonathan (2019). Metaphors of Brexit: No Cherries on the Cake? Cham: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Chilton, Paul and Mikhail Ilyin (1993). Metaphor in Political Discourse: The Case of the ‘Common European House’. Discourse & Society 4, 1: 7–31.
  • Chilton, Paul (1996). Security Metaphors: Cold War Discourse from Containment to Common European Home. Berne/New York: Peter Lang.
  • Chilton, Paul (2004). Analysing Political Discourse: Theory and Practice. London: Routledge.
  • Crespo-Fernández, Eliecer (2017). Sex in Language: Euphemistic and Dysphemistic Metaphors in Internet Forums. London: Bloomsbury.
  • Degani, Marta, Paolo Frassi and Maria Ivana Lorenzetti, eds. (2016). The Languages of Politics. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
  • Deignan, Alice (2008). Corpus Linguistics and Metaphor. In Gibbs, Raymond W., ed., 280-295.
  • Deignan, Alice (2010). The Evaluative Properties of Metaphors. In Low, Graham, Zazie Todd, Alice Deignan and Lynne Cameron, eds., 357-374.
  • Deignan, Alice, Jeannette Littlemore and Elena Semino (2013). Figurative Language, Genre and Register. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Demjén, Zsófia, Elena Semino and Veronika Koller (2016). Metaphors for ‘Good’ and ‘Bad’ Deaths: A Health Professional View. Metaphor and the Social World 6: 1-19.
  • Demmen, Jane, Elena Semino, Zsófia Demjén, Veronika Koller, Andrew Hardie, Paul Rayson and Sheila Payne (2015). A Computer-assisted Study of the Use of Violence Metaphors for Cancer and End of Life by Patients, Family carers and Health Professionals. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 20, 2: 205-231.
  • Eckert, Penelope and Sally McConnell-Ginet (2013, 2nd edition). Language and Gender. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Emanatian, Michele (1996). Everyday Metaphors of Lust and Sex in Chagga. Ethos 24, 2: 195-236.
  • Fairclough, Norman (1989). Language and Power. London: Longman.
  • Fairclough, Norman (1995). Critical Discourse Analysis: The Critical Study of Language. London: Longman.
  • Fairclough, Norman and Ruth Wodak (1997). Critical Discourse Analysis. In Van Dijk, Teun A., ed., 258-285.
  • Fairclough, Norman (2003). Analysing Discourse: Textual Analysis for Social Research. London: Routledge.
  • Fein, Ellen and Sherrie Schneider (2007, compilation edition). All the Rules: Time-tested Secrets for Capturing the Heart of Mr. Right. New York: Grand Central Publishing.
  • Flowerdew, John and John E. Richardson, eds. (2018). The Routledge Handbook of Critical Discourse Studies. London: Routledge.
  • Fowler, Roger, Bob Hodge, Gunther Kress and Tony Trew (1979). Language and Control. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
  • Gibbs, Raymond W., ed. (2008). The Cambridge Handbook of Metaphor and Thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Goatly, Andrew (2007). Washing the Brain- Metaphor and Hidden Ideology. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
  • Goatly, Andrew (2008). Explorations in Stylistics. London: Equinox Publishing.
  • Gómez Morón, Reyes, Manuel Padilla Cruz, Lucía Fernández Amaya and María de la O. Hernández López, eds. (2009). Pragmatics Applied to Language Teaching and Learning. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
  • Green, C. M. C. (1996a). Terms of Venery: Ars Amatoria I. Transactions of the American Philological Association 126: 221-263.
  • Green, C. M. C. (1996b). Did the Romans Hunt? Classical Antiquity 15, 2: 222-260.
  • Hart, Christopher (2010). Critical Discourse Analysis and Cognitive Science: New Perspectives on Immigration Discourse. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Hart, Christopher, ed. (2011). Critical Discourse Studies in Context and Cognition. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
  • Hart, Christopher (2014). Discourse, Grammar and Ideology: Functional and Cognitive Perspectives. London/New York: Bloomsbury Academic.
  • Hart Christopher (2017). ‘Riots Engulfed the City’: An Experimental Study Investigating the Legitimating Effects of Fire Metaphors in Discourses of Disorder. Discourse and Society 29, 3: 279-298.
  • Harto Trujillo, María Luisa (1992). Eneas: Pius cazador de Dido. Anuario de Estudios Filológicos (Universidad de Extremadura) 15: 155-163.
  • Hendricks, Rose K., Zsófia Demjén, Elena Semino and Lera Boroditsky (2018). Emotional Implications of Metaphor: Consequences of Metaphor Framing for Mindset about Cancer. Metaphor and Symbol 33, 4: 267-279.
  • Hiraga, Masako K. (1991). Metaphors Japanese Women Live By. Working Papers on Language, Gender and Sexism 1, 1: 38-57.
  • Hodge, Bob, Gunther Kress and Gareth Jones (1979). The Ideology of Middle Management. In Fowler, Rodger et al., eds., 81-94.
  • Jeffries, Lesley (2007). Textual Construction of the Female Body: A Critical Discourse Approach. Basingstoke: Palgrave.
  • Jeffries, Lesley (2010). Critical Stylistics: The Power of English. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Kelly, Liz H. (2006). Smart Man Hunting: The Fast-track Dating Guide for Finding Mr. Right. New York: Citadel Press.
  • Kenney, E. J. (1970). Doctus Lucretius. Mnemosyne 23, 4: 366-393.
  • Koller, Veronika (2003). “A Shotgun Wedding”: Co-occurrence of Wars and Marriage Metaphors in Mergers and Acquisitions Discourse. Metaphor and Symbol 17: 179-203.
  • Koller, Veronika (2004). Metaphor and Gender in Business Media Discourse. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Koller, Veronika (2014). Cognitive Linguistics and Ideology. In Littlemore, Jeannette and John R. Taylor, eds., 234–252.
  • Kövecses, Zoltan (2002). Metaphor: A Practical Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Lakoff, George (1987). Women, Fire and Dangerous things: What Categories Reveal about the mind. Chicago/London: The University of Chicago Press.
  • Lakoff, George (1991). Metaphor and War: The Metaphor System Used to Justify War in the Gulf. UC Berkeley: Department of Linguistics. Retrieved from https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9sm131vj.
  • Lakoff, George (1995). Metaphor, Morality, and Politics, or, Why Conservatives Have Left Liberals in the Dust. Social Research 62, 2, 177-214. Retrieved from https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7vp15113.
  • Lakoff, George (1996). Moral Politics: How Liberals and Conservatives Think. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Lakoff, George and Elisabeth Wehling (2012). The Little Blue Book: The Essential Guide to Thinking and Talking Democratic. New York: Free Press.
  • Lakoff, George (2004). Don’t Think of an Elephant: Know your Values and Frame the Debate. White River Junction, Vermont: Chelsea Green Publishing.
  • Lakoff, George (2006). Thinking Points: Communicating our American Values and Vision. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
  • Lakoff, George (2009). The Political Mind: A Cognitive Scientist’s Guide to your Brain and its Politics. New York: Penguin.
  • Lakoff, George and Mark Johnson (1987). The Metaphorical Logic of Rape. Metaphor and Symbolic Activity 2, 1: 73-79.
  • Lakoff, George and Mark Johnson (1980). Metaphors We Live By. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
  • Lakoff, George and Mark Turner (1989). More than Cool Reason: A Field Guide to Poetic Metaphor. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Lazar, Michelle M. (2005). Feminist Critical Discourse Analysis. Basingstoke: Palgrave.
  • Lazar, Michelle M. (2009). Gender, War and Body Politics: A Critical Multimodal Analysis of Metaphor. In Ahrens, K., ed., 209-234.
  • Littlemore Jeannette and John R. Taylor, eds. (2014). The Bloomsbury Companion to Cognitive Linguistics. London: Bloomsbury.
  • López Maestre, María D. (2000). The Business of Cognitive Stylistics: A Survey of Conceptual Metaphors in Business English. Atlantis XXII, 1, 47-69.
  • López Maestre, María D. (2009). Immigration and Conceptual Metaphors: A Critical Approach to Ideological Representation. In Gómez Morón, Reyes, Manuel Padilla Cruz, Lucía Fernández Amaya and María de la O. Hernández López, eds., 60–87.
  • López Maestre, María D. (2015). ‘Man the Hunter’: A Critical Reading of Hunt-based Conceptual Metaphors of Love and Sexual Desire. Journal of Literary Semantics 44, 2: 89-113.
  • López Maestre, María D. (2019). Estudio de las metáforas bélicas para conceptualizar el embellecimiento desde la perspectiva de género: las guerras por la belleza. Cultura, lenguaje y representación / Culture, Language and Representation XXI: 71–91.
  • López Maestre, María D. and Elisa Ramón (2005). LOVE IS HUNTING: An Exploration into the Use of Conceptual Metaphors in English Poetry. In Otal Campo, José Luis, Ignasi Navarro i Ferrando and Begoña Bellés Fortuño, eds., 87-97.
  • López Rodríguez, Irene (2007). The Representation of Women in Teenage and Women’s Magazines: Recurring Metaphors in English. Estudios Ingleses de la Universidad Complutense 15: 15-42.
  • López Rodríguez, Irene (2009). Of women, bitches, chickens and vixens: Animal metaphors for women in English and Spanish. Revista de Estudios Culturales de la Universitat Jaume I / Cultural Studies Journal of Universitat Jaume I VII: 77-100.
  • López-Roldán, Pedro and Sandra Fachelli (2017). El diseño de la muestra. In López-Roldán Pedro and Sandra Fachelli, Metodología de la Investigación Social Cuantitativa. Bellaterra: Dipòsit Digital de Documents, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Capítulo II.4. Retrieved from: https://ddd.uab.cat/record/185163.
  • Low, Graham, Zazie Todd, Alice Deignan and Lynne Cameron, eds. (2010). Researching and Applying Metaphor in the Real World. Human Cognitive Processing (26). Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
  • Lowndes, Leil (1996). How to Make Anyone Fall in Love with You: 85 Proven Techniques for Success. London: Thorsons.
  • Mills, Sara (1995). Feminist Stylistics. London: Routledge.
  • Mills, Sara (2008). Language and Sexism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Muelas Gil, María (2019). Ideology, Metaphor and Persuasion in Times of Elections: A Corpus-based Study of British and Spanish Economic Reports. Complutense Journal of English Studies 27: 223-246.
  • Murgatroyd, P. (1984). Amatory Hunting, Fishing and Fowling. Latomus 43: 362-368.
  • Musolff, Andreas (2015). Metaphor, Nation and the Holocaust: The Concept of the Body Politic. London: Routledge.
  • Musolff, Andreas (2016a). Political Metaphor Analysis: Discourse and Scenarios. London: Bloomsbury.
  • Musolff, Andreas (2016b). What can Metaphor Theory Contribute to the Study of Political Discourse? In Degani, Marta, Paolo Frassi and Maria Ivana Lorenzetti, eds., 9-29.
  • Musolff, Andreas (2017). Truths, Lies and Figurative Scenarios: Metaphors at the Heart of Brexit. Journal of Language and Politics 16, 5: 641-657.
  • Navarro i Ferrando, Ignasi (2016). Metaphorical Aspects in Cancer Discourse. In Ordóñez-López, Pilar and Nuria Edo-Marzá, eds., 12-148.
  • Navarro i Ferrando, Ignasi, ed., (2019). Current Approaches to Metaphor Analysis in Discourse. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
  • Ng, Carl Jon Way (2018). Metaphor. In Flowerdew, John and John E. Richardson, eds., 215-227.
  • Nichols, Nancy (2008). Secrets of the Ultimate Husband Hunter. Epiphany imprint.
  • Núñez Perucha, Begoña (2011). Critical Discourse Analysis and Cognitive Linguistics as Tools for Ideological Research: A Diachronic Analysis of Feminism. In Hart, Christopher, ed., 97-117.
  • O’Brien, Gerald V. (2003). Indigestible Food, Conquering Hordes, and Waste Materials: Metaphors of Immigrants and the Early Immigration Restriction Debate in the United States. Metaphor & Symbol 18, 1: 33–47.
  • Ordóñez-López, Pilar and Nuria Edo-Marzá, eds., (2016). Medical Discourse in Professional, Academic and Popular Settings. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.
  • Otal Campo, José Luis, Ignasi Navarro i Ferrando and Begoña Bellés Fortuño, eds. (2005). Cognitive and Discourse Approaches to Metaphor and Metonymy. Castelló de la Plana: Publicacions de la Universitat Jaume I.
  • Pacter, Trudi (1994). Yellow Bird. London: Harper Collins Publishers.
  • Richardson, John E. (2007). Analysing Newspapers: An Approach from Critical Discourse Analysis. Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Rooney, Anne (1993). Hunting in Middle English Literature. Cambridge: D. S. Brewer.
  • Santa Anna, Otto (1999). ‘Like an Animal I was Treated’: Anti-immigrant Metaphor in US Public Discourse. Discourse & Society 10, 2: 191–224.
  • Semino, Elena (2008). Metaphor in Discourse. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Semino, Elena, Zsófia Demjén, Jane Demmen, Veronika Koller, Sheila Payne, Andrew Hardie and Paul Rayson (2017). The Online Use of Violence and Journey Metaphors by Patients with Cancer, as Compared with Health Professionals: A Mixed Methods Study. BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care 7: 60-66.
  • Semino, Elena, Zsófia Demjén, Andrew Hardie, Sheila Payne and Paul Rayson (2018). Metaphor, Cancer and the End of Life: A Corpus-based Study. New York: Routledge.
  • Silaški, Nadežda (2012). Metaphors and Ideology – Gendered Metaphors in Economic Discourse. Gender Studies 11: 207-219.
  • Simpson, Paul (1993). Language, Ideology and Point of view. London: Routledge.
  • Simpson, Paul (2002). Stylistics: A Resource Book for Students. London: Routledge.
  • Steen, Gerard (2007). Finding Metaphor in Discourse: Pragglejaz and Beyond. Cultura, lenguaje y representación/ Culture, Language and Representation 5: 9-25.
  • Straehle, Carolyn, Gilbert Weiss, Ruth Wodak, Peter Muntigl and Maria Sedlak (1999). Struggle as Metaphor in European Union Discourse on Unemployment. Discourse & Society 10, 1: 67–99.
  • Thiébaux, Marcelle (2014). The Stag of Love: The Chase in Medieval Literature. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
  • Thornborrow, J. (1993). Metaphors of Security: A Comparison of Representation in Defence Discourse in Post-cold-war France and Britain. Discourse & Society 4, 1: 99–119.
  • Toolan, Michael (2001). Narrative: A Critical Linguistic Introduction. London: Routledge.
  • Trim, Richard (2011). Metaphor and the Historical Evolution of Conceptual Mapping. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Van Dijk, Teun A. (1985a). Prejudice in Discourse. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
  • Van Dijk, Teun A., ed. (1985b). Discourse and Communication: New Approaches to the Analysis of Mass Media Discourse and Communication. Berlin: de Gruyter.
  • Van Dijk, Teun A. (1987). Communicating Racism. London: Sage.
  • Van Dijk, Teun A. (1989). Structures of Discourse and Structures of Power. In Anderson, James A., ed., 18-59.
  • Van Dijk, Teun A. (1991). Racism and the Press. London: Routledge.
  • Van Dijk, Teun A. (1993). Discourse and Elite Racism. London: Sage.
  • Van Dijk, Teun A. (1994). Editorial: Discourse analysis as social analysis. Discourse and Society 5, 2: 163-4.
  • Van Dijk, Teun A., ed. (1997). Discourse as Social Interaction. London: Sage.
  • Van Dijk, Teun A. (1998). Ideology: A Multidisciplinary Approach. London: Sage.
  • Van Dijk, Teun. A. (2016). Análisis crítico del discurso. Revista Austral de Ciencias Sociales 30: 203-222.
  • Van Teeflen, Toine (1994). Racism and Metaphor: The Palestinian–Israeli Conflict in Popular Literature. Discourse & Society 5, 3: 381–405.
  • Villar-Argáiz, Pilar, ed. (2018). Irishness on the Margins. Cham (Switzerland): Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Wodak, Ruth and Bernhard Forchtner, eds. (2017). The Routledge Handbook of Language and Politics. London: Routledge.
Fuente de los datos: Dialnet