Estado de salud bucodental de niños de 6 a 12 años que acuden a las 4 revisiones a un centro de Atención Primaria de la Región de Murcia

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ABSTRACT Objectives: MAIN OBJECTIVE: "Evaluate the effectiveness of the preventive program in patients that come to all the revisions, comparing the state of oral health at the beginning and end of the program". SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: (a) know the state of dental health, following the methodology of the O. M. S. , by collecting data on: status of each tooth; treatment needs; anomalies of colour, shape, size and number; gingival disease, oral hygiene, diseases of the soft tissues and oral mucosa, oral habits, malocclusions and associated disease with the child; (b) analyze the oral needs by age group, to raise and plan Preventive Programs aimed at improving the oral health status of the population in various stages of their dentition (deciduous, mixed and permanent). Methodology: Epidemiological observational longitudinal study: we reviewed and collected data from children who were treated in Oral Health Service of Primary Care Center. We selected a representative sample from the total school population, aged between 6 and 12 years. We obtained a sample of 209 children, only those who went to the 4 revisions during the 4 courses (6, 8, 10 and 12 years) to the Dental Health Service of the Health Center "El Palmar". The data collection was conducted through explorations buccal practiced by the same examiner, in dental equipment, with good lighting, mouth mirrors and dental explorers. The material available was the own of a dental service of a Primary Care Center: medical and dental history sorted by Population/ College/ Course/ Children by alphabetical order, all the instrumentation needed for dental extractions, prevention disposables and restorative. We collected 220 variables in total. The data were processed and stored in spreadsheets from Microsoft Office Excel 2010, so as to be able to process information with the statistical program SPSS, version 21.0 . There have been two statistical analysis: descriptive and analytical. CONCLUSIONS: 1st- It is demonstrated the effectiveness of an oral disease prevention program for patients that come to all the revisions, comparing the state of oral health at the beginning and end of the program, because the median values of the caries prevalence at 6 years (from 29,6 % in primary dentition and a 6.2 % in permanent dentition) and the CAOD to 12 years (1.29 ) are lower than those of the objectives proposed by the OMS (in the Program of "Health for All by the year 2000" established as objectives of oral health for the Eurozone, the prevalence of caries in children of 6 years not exceed 50% and an index CAO at 12 years less than or equal to 3). 2nd- The oral health status of our sample, although better than the data obtained on the general population, presents areas that can still be improved. 3rd- Based on the possibility of further improve the results obtained, we must enhance preventive programs, but tailored to the needs identified in this study. 4th- As a common factor in all preventive programs, it is necessary to strengthen the learning of brushing and flossing, and introduce the preventive removal of dental plaque and calculus, to combat the prevalence of gingivitis in all age groups.