Concepción, embarazo y partocaracterísticas obstétricas, cronobiología y temporalidad.

Abstract

Introduction and objectives: Understanding how temporal and environmental changes influence human health and behavior, particularly in the obstetric field, is relevant given their evident influence and social impact. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between the chronobiology of the number of births during the period 2011-2016 and specific variables related to pregnancy and birth in the year 2014. Material and methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted, which included 8,622 women whose pregnancies were monitored at Lucus Augusti Hospital in Lugo, who gave birth at the same facility during the period from 2011 to 2016. Additionally, 1,409 women who met the same criteria during the year 2014 were included. The information was obtained through the review of medical records, both in paper and digital formats (IANUS). This study combined descriptive and inferential analysis to examine the recorded data. Results: Of the 8.622 births that occurred during the period 2011-2016 it was observed that the frequency of deliveries is highest on Wednesdays (15.9%). As for the month, the highest percentage of births occurs in May, with 9.0%, and regarding the season, the highest incidence occurs in summer (26.8%), and it is notable that the majority of births occur at night (38.2%). In 2014, of the 1,409 births included in the study, 58.3% began spontaneously, 34.6% were induced, and 7.1% were scheduled cesarean sections. Regarding the method of delivery, 54.2% were eutocic, 19.2% were instrumental, and 26.6% were cesarean sections, of which 25.4% were scheduled. The full moon appears to favorably influence the fastest prepartums (less than 3 hours) at 34.3%, spontaneous ruptures of membranes at 32.0%, and the highest number of births at 27.4%, excluding scheduled cesarean sections. Although the data do not show statistical significance, a trend towards lower birthing activity during weekends is evident. Summer is highlighted as the season with the highest probability of spontaneous conception (26.3%), non-artificial rupture of membranes (27.0%), and a higher number of total births (27.0%) and eutocic births (27.8%). Statistically significant evidence supports that nighttime not only favors the onset (48.5%) and speed of labor (6.3%) but is also associated with the highest volume of unassisted births (41.0%) and spontaneous rupture of membranes (5.4%) Conclusions: Obstetric events triggering labour are significantly favoured during the nocturnal period, influenced by the full moon and the seasonal conditions of summer, although their frequency decreases over the weekends.