Miringoplastia con membrana amniótica en un modelo murino de perforación timpánica cronificada

Resumo

Tympanic membrane perforation it’s the solution of continuity that occurs in the tympanic membrane. It can due to multiple causes, the most frequent are recurrent o chronic otitis media and trauma. Myringoplasty is a surgical procedure used to repair defects in the tympanic membrane. Several different techniques have been developed for myringoplasty, with a lot of different graft. We consider amniotic membrane an ideal biological graft in that it promotes epithelization, help to reduce inflammation, have antibacterial properties, low immunogenicity and for its transparency. The objective of this study is to investigate the efficacy of amniotic membrane grafts in the treatment of tympanic perforations. We have designed a prospective preclinical study of 57 myringoplasties performed on Sprague Dawley rats after making a tympanic perforation and make it chronic with mitomycin C and dexamethasone. Rats were divided into two groups, in one group with 34 rats we use amniotic membrane while in the other group with 23 rats we use cutanplast (a hemostatic material). In the amniotic membrane group, successful closure was achieved in 14,7%, while in control group was 8,7%, without statistically significant differences. In conclusion, the amniotic membrane has not been effective to closing chronic tympanic perforations in rats with mitomycin C and dexamethasone.