Attitudes towards transgender people in the university community

  1. Martin-Castillo, David 1
  2. Garcia Arenas, Jose Joaquin
  3. Pastor-Bravo, María del Mar 1
  4. Sánchez-Muñoz, María 1
  5. Jiménez-Barbero, José Antonio 1
  1. 1 Universidad de Murcia
    info

    Universidad de Murcia

    Murcia, España

    ROR https://ror.org/03p3aeb86

Revista:
Methaodos. revista de ciencias sociales

ISSN: 2340-8413

Any de publicació: 2023

Títol de l'exemplar: Monográfico sobre dimensiones emergentes del odio; m231101a08

Volum: 11

Número: 1

Tipus: Article

DOI: 10.17502/MRCS.V11I1.674 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

Altres publicacions en: Methaodos. revista de ciencias sociales

Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible

Resum

Varios estudios han indicado la existencia de actitudes transfóbicas en el sistema educativo. Esto se extiende a la comunidad universitaria, lo que tiene consecuencias psicosociales negativas en las personas trans. Objetivos: El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la actitud de los estudiantes universitarios hacia las personas trans. Se utilizó un diseño correlacional transversal con una muestra de 1701 estudiantes universitarios con edades entre 18 y 68 años. Los resultados muestran la presencia de actitudes negativas hacia las personas trans en la comunidad universitaria. También muestra la existencia de una relación entre estas actitudes y otras variables, como la empatía, la autoestima y los estilos parentales. Nuestros resultados indican que las actitudes negativas de los estudiantes universitarios hacia las personas trans podrían estar relacionadas con variables psicológicas y sociales como la empatía, la autoestima y los estilos parentales, lo que apunta a una probable relación entre los estilos parentales y la empatía en los hijos. Dentro de las implicaciones para la práctica se sugiere la importancia de fomentar actitudes inclusivas y de aceptación de la diversidad en la formación escolar y universitaria, con programas centrados en el desarrollo de empatía y autoestima.

Referències bibliogràfiques

  • Amodeo, A. L., Vitelli, R., Scandurra, C., Picariello, S., & Valerio, P. (2017). HHS Public Access. Physiology & Behavior, 176(3), 139-148. https://doi.org/10.1080/15532739.2015.1022680
  • Bukhari, S., Mushtaq, H., & Aurangzaib, S. (2016). Attitudes towards Transgender: A Study of Gender and Influencing Factors. Journal of Gender & Social Issues, 15(2).
  • Fernández-Hawrylak, M., Tristán Muñoz, G., & Heras Sevilla, D. (2020). Actitudes hacia la transgeneridad y la transexualidad en el ámbito universitario. Un estudio preliminar [Attitudes towards transgenderness and trans-sexuality at the university level. A preliminary study]. Revista INFAD de Psicología. International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology, 1(1), 393-404. https://doi.org/10.17060/ijodaep.2020.n1.v1.1796
  • Francia-Martínez, M., Esteban, C., & Lespier, Z. (2017). Actitudes, conocimiento y distancia social de psicoterapeutas con la comunidad transgénero y transexual [Attitudes, knowledge and social distance of psychotherapists toward the transgender and trans-sexual community]. Revista Puertorriqueña de Psicología, 28(1), 98-113.
  • García, J. A., & Olmos, F. C., Matheu, M. L., & Carreño, T. P. (2019). Self-esteem levels vs global scores on the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Heliyon, 5(3). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01378
  • Goldman, J.D.G. & McCutchen, L. E. (2012). Teenagers’ web questions compared with a sexuality curriculum: an exploration. Research papers in Education, 54 (4), 357-373. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131881.2012.734722
  • Gorrotxategi, M. P., Ozamiz-Etxebarria, N., Jiménez-Etxebarria, E., & Cornelius-White, J. H. D. (2020). Improvement in gender and transgender knowledge in university students through the creative factory methodology. Frontiers in Psychology, 11(March). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00367
  • Hendricks, M. L., & Testa, R. J. (2012). A conceptual framework for clinical work with transgender and gender nonconforming clients: An adaptation of the Minority Stress Model. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 43(5), 460.
  • Hill, D. B., & Willoughby, B. L. B. (2005). The development and validation of the Genderism and Transphobia Scale. Sex Roles, 53(7-8), 531–544. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-005-7140-x
  • Instituto Nacional de Estadística [INE]. (2020). Estadística de Estudiantes Universitarios. https://bit.ly/3Llsja8
  • Jami, H. (2012). Attitude towards hijras and their reciprocal perceptions (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation). National Institute of Psychology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
  • Jiménez-Barbero, J. A., Ruiz-Hernández, J. A., Llor-Esteban, B., & Waschgler, K. (2016). Influence of attitudes, impulsivity, and parental styles in adolescents’ externalizing behavior. Journal of Health Psychology, 21(1), 122-131. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105314523303
  • Kajaerum, M. (2014). Being trans in the European Union. European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights, 38(3). https://doi.org/10.2811/92683
  • Kanamori, Y., Pegors, T. K., Hulgus, J. F., & Cornelius-White, J. H. D. (2017). A comparison between self-identified evangelical Christians’ and nonreligious persons’ attitudes toward transgender persons. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity, 4(1), 75-86. https://doi.org/10.1037/sgd0000166
  • Kcomt, L. (2019). Profound health-care discrimination experienced by transgender people: rapid systematic review. Social work in health care, 58(2), 201-219.
  • Keaton, S. A. (2017). Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI). The Sourcebook of Listening Research, August, 340-347. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119102991.ch34
  • Lamm, C., Rütgen, M., & Wagner, I. C. (2019). Imaging empathy and prosocial emotions. Neuroscience Letters, 693, 49-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2017.06.054
  • Lee, H., Tomita, K. K., Habarth, J. M., Operario, D., Yi, H., Choo, S., & Kim, S.-S. (2020). Internalized transphobia and mental health among transgender adults: A nationwide cross-sectional survey in South Korea. International Journal of Transgender Health, 21(2), 182–193. https://doi.org/10.1080/26895269.2020.1745113
  • Martin-Castillo, D., Jiménez Barbero, J. A., Pastor Bravo, M. M., Sánchez Muñoz, M., Fernández Espín, M. E., & García Arenas, J. J. (2020). School victimization in transgender people: A systematic review. Children and Youth Services Review, 119(September), 105480. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105480
  • Mestre, V., Frias, M. D., & Samper, P. (2004). La medida de la empatia:Análisis del Interpersonal Reactivity Index [The measure of empathy: Analysis of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index]. Psicotherma, 16, 225-260.
  • Meyer, I. H. (2003). Prejudice, social stress, and mental health in lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations: conceptual issues and research evidence. Psychological bulletin, 129(5), 674.
  • Nagoshi, J. L., Adams, K. A., Terrell, H. K., Hill, E. D., Brzuzy, S., & Nagoshi, C. T. (2008). Gender differences in correlates of homophobia and transphobia. Sex Roles, 59(7-8), 521–531
  • Neumann, M., Edelhäuser, F., Tauschel, D., Fischer, M. R., Wirtz, M., Woopen, C., Haramati, A., & Scheffer, C. (2011). Empathy decline and its reasons: A systematic review of studies with medical students and residents. Academic Medicine, 86(8), 996-1009. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0b013e318221e615
  • Olweus, D. (2013). School bullying: Development and some important challenges. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 9(February), 751–780. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050212-185516
  • Ozamiz-Etxebarria, N., Picaza, M., Jiménez-Etxebarria, E., & Cornelius-White, J.H.D. (2020). Measuring discrimination against transgender people at the university of the Basque country and in a non-university sample in Spain. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072374
  • Parker, G., Tupling, H., & Brown, L. B. (1979). Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) Scale and instructions. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 52(1) 22-5.
  • Pichardo, J. I., & Puche-Cabezas, L. (2019). Universidad y diversidad sexogenérica: barreras, innovaciones y retos de futuro [University and sex-gender diversity: barriers, innovations and future challenges]. methaodos.revista de ciencias sociales, 7(1), 10-26. https://doi.org/10.17502/m.rcs.v7i1.287
  • Pinquart, M. (2017). Associations of parenting dimensions and styles with externalizing problems of children and adolescents: An updated meta-analysis. In Developmental Psychology, 53(5), 873-932) American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000295
  • Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton University Press.
  • Ruiz-Hernández, J. A., Moral-Zafra, E., Llor-Esteban, B., & Jiménez-Barbero, J. A. (2019). Influence of parental styles and other psychosocial variables on the development of externalizing behaviors in adolescents: A systematic review. European Journal of Psychology Applied to Legal Context, 11(1), 9-21. https://doi.org/10.5093/ejpalc2018a11
  • Sa, B., Ojeh, N., Majumder, M. A. A., Nunes, P., Williams, S., Rao, S. R., & Youssef, F. F. (2019). The relationship between self-esteem, emotional intelligence, and empathy among students from six health professional programs. Teaching and Learning in Medicine, 31(5), 536–543. https://doi.org/10.1080/10401334.2019.1607741
  • Scandurra, C., Amodeo, A. L., Bochicchio, V., Valerio, P., & Frost, D. M. (2017). Psychometric characteristics of the Transgender Identity Survey in an Italian sample: A measure to assess positive and negative feelings towards transgender identity. International Journal of Transgenderism, 18(1), 53-65.
  • Testa, R. J., Michaels, M. S., Bliss, W., Rogers, M. L., Balsam, K. F., & Joiner, T. (2017). Suicidal ideation in transgender people: Gender minority stress and interpersonal theory factors. Journal of abnormal psychology, 126(1), 125.
  • Transgender Europe (2016). Actualización TMM IDAHOT 2016 2115 casos registrados de personas trans y de género diverso asesinadas entre enero de 2008 y abril de 2016 Regiones del Mundo / Países África América del Sur y Central. 1–6 [IDAHOT TMM Update 2016 2115 registered cases of trans and gender diverse people murdered between January 2008 and April 2016. World Regions/Countries South and Central Africa].
  • Valentine, S. E., & Shipherd, J. C. (2018). A systematic review of social stress and mental health among transgender and gender non-conforming people in the United States. Clinical Psychology Review, 66, 24-38.
  • Wagers, K. B., & Kiel, E. J. (2019). The influence of parenting and temperament on empathy development in toddlers. Journal of Family Psychology, 33(4), 391-400. https://doi.org/10.1037/fam0000505
  • Wahlen, R., Bize, R., Wang, J., Merglen, A., & Ambresin, A. E. (2020). Medical students’ knowledge of and attitudes towards LGBT people and their health care needs: Impact of a lecture on LGBT health. PloS one, 15(7), e0234743.
  • Willoughby, B. L. B., Hill, D. B., Gonzalez, C. A., Lacorazza, A., Macapagal, R. A., Barton, M. E., & Doty, N. D. (2010). Who hates gender outlaws? A multisite and multinational evaluation of the Genderism and Transphobia Scale. International Journal of Transgenderism, 12(4), 254–271. https://doi.org/10.1080/15532739.2010.550821
  • Wolford-Clevenger, C., Cannon, C. J., Flores, L. Y., Smith, P. N., & Stuart, G. L. (2017). Suicide risk among transgender people: a prevalent problem in critical need of empirical and theoretical research. Violence and gender, 4(3), 69-72.
  • Worthen, M. G. (2012). Understanding college student attitudes toward LGBT individuals. Sociological Focus, 45(4), 285-305.