Análisis y evolución de la percepción del impacto social y turístico del evento deportivo de ciclismo en ruta “La Vuelta”
- Jesús García Pallarés Director
- José María López Gullón Director
Universidade de defensa: Universidad de Murcia
Fecha de defensa: 24 de outubro de 2022
- Leonor Gallardo Guerrero Presidente/a
- David Parra Camacho Secretario/a
- Gonzalo Alfredo Bravo Vogal
Tipo: Tese
Resumo
Introduction: La Vuelta is one of the most important annual sporting events held in Spain and one of the most important road cycling events in the world. The celebration of this type of mega sporting event is associated with a strong impacto n the economy, society and tourism, especially in the host cities. Therefore, this type of sporting event has become one of the most popular strategies used by local and regional administrations to promote their communities. Objectives: The general objective of this dissertation is to analyse the perception of the social and tourism impact of the road cycling event "La Vuelta", analysing the opinions of the residents and tourists involved. Specific objectives are: (1) To design and validate an instrument to measure the social perception of a road cycling event; (2) To compare the perception of residents according to the edition (2019 - 2020 - 2021) and phase of the event (pre - in situ - post); (3) According to gender; (4) Age; (5) Fear or concern for their health and the increase in the number of COVID-19 infections; (6) To study the characteristics of the start and finish host communities throughout history; (7) The size of the host population and (8) The degree of trust in the local government of the resident. In addition, this project aims to (9) Identify the tourist profile of the tourists/excursionists who attend the event; (10) To carry out an Importance-Performance Analysis; (11) To measure attendee satisfaction; and (12) To qualitatively analyse the evaluations of the tourists and residents attending the event. Methodology: The sample consisted of 11,250 valid surveys (8,739 residents and 2,511 tourists) collected in 86 locations at the start and/or finish of the event. A quantitative and descriptive/comparative methodology was used, using three questionnaires: (1) Residents' social perception questionnaire, used in the 2019, 2020 and 2021 editions; (2) Tourism impact questionnaire, aimed at tourists or day-trippers who attended the event in its 2019 and 2021 edition; (3) Importance-Performance analysis questionnaire for tourists and residents in the 2021 edition. A non-probabilistic convenience sample was used during the event and online through Facebook social network advertisements in the pre-event phase. The post-event sample consisted of respondents who agreed to participate again, after the event, via email. Results: The main findings show statistically significant differences between the editions analysed, where the COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative effect on the social perception of the event. These differences also exist depending on phases of the event, gender, age of residents and trust in local government, although there are no significant differences in resident perception according to the size of their locality. The Importance-Performance analysis shows "event atmosphere" as the most important and highest rated attribute by residents and tourists. Finally, the qualitative analysis corroborates the quantitative results obtained in this research. Conclusions: Residents who are male, young, have a high level of trust in local government or show less fear and concern about the increase in the number of COVID-19 cases rate the impacts of the event more positively, while the size of the locality does not seem to affect the social perception of the event. These results contribute to a better understanding of the perceptions of residents and tourists, helping to improve strategic planning and decision making by organisers and local governments.