Programa Stop & Gopruebas de campo para la identificación del riesgo de lesión en jugadores jóvenes de deportes de equipo
- Robles-Palazón, Francisco Javier 1
- Cejudo, Antonio 1
- Aparicio-Sarmiento, Alba 1
- Sainz de Baranda, Pilar 1
- Ayala, Francisco 1
- 1 Departamento de Actividad Física y Deporte, Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte, Campus de Excelencia Mare Nostrum, Universidad de Murcia. Grupo de investigación Aparato Locomotor y Deporte (RAQUIS), Universidad de Murcia, Murcia
ISSN: 2695-6713
Año de publicación: 2021
Título del ejemplar: Julio-Diciembre
Número: 4
Páginas: 59-86
Tipo: Artículo
Otras publicaciones en: JUMP: Journal of Universal Movement and Performance
Resumen
El objetivo principal del presente estudio es describir la batería de cuestionarios y pruebas de campo del Programa Stop & Go para la valoración de los principales factores de riesgo de lesión de la extremidad inferior en jóvenes deportistas. Los 4 cuestionarios y 21 pruebas de campo que componen la batería Stop & Go fueron seleccionados de acuerdo a criterios científicos (altas puntuaciones de validez y fiabilidad), pudiendo ser estas agrupadas en tres grandes bloques. El primer bloque incluye procedimientos destinados a la obtención de información relacionada con las características personales o individuales de los deportistas (ej.: composición corporal, etapa madurativa y experiencia deportiva). Por su parte, el segundo bloque contiene una serie de cuestionarios que evalúan constructos psicológicos relacionados con el rendimiento deportivo (ej.: ansiedad, estrés y motivación). Finalmente, el tercer bloque presenta pruebas físicas diseñadas para valorar un elevado número de medidas del rendimiento físico (ej.: altura y longitud de salto, y tiempo en el sprint de 30 m), mecánica de las habilidades motrices fundamentales (ej.: aterrizaje tras acciones de salto y cambio de dirección), capacidad neuromuscular (ej.: rigidez muscular, estabilidad estática y dinámica), disposición sagital del raquis y rango de movimiento articular de la extremidad inferior. Para aquellos escenarios donde existan importantes limitaciones de tiempo y escasez de recursos humanos y materiales, este estudio también presenta una propuesta básica o reducida de la batería Stop & Go compuesta por 6 pruebas de valoración. En particular, esta propuesta básica reúne aquellas pruebas que, a juicio de los autores, podrían ser consideradas como las mínimas necesarias para la identificación de deportistas con una alta probabilidad de sufrir una lesión del tejido blando (músculo, tendón o ligamento) de la extremidad inferior.
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