Valoración del riesgo de lesión del ligamento cruzado anterior en jugadoras de fútbol amateur

  1. Prieto-Valle, Alba 1
  2. Aparicio-Sarmiento, Alba 1
  3. Hernández-García, Raquel 1
  1. 1 Universidad de Murcia
    info

    Universidad de Murcia

    Murcia, España

    ROR https://ror.org/03p3aeb86

Revista:
RICYDE. Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte

ISSN: 1885-3137

Año de publicación: 2021

Título del ejemplar: Julio

Volumen: 17

Número: 65

Páginas: 264-283

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.5232/RICYDE2021.06505 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

Otras publicaciones en: RICYDE. Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte

Resumen

Escasos trabajos han valorado el riesgo de lesión del LCA en fútbol femenino mediante un enfoque multifactorial. El objetivo del presente estudio fue describir los déficits funcionales y las asimetrías manifestadas por jugadoras de fútbol en diferentes pruebas de valoración, con el fin de realizar un análisis integrador del riesgo de lesión desde diferentes perspectivas funcionales y mecánicas. En este estudio de caso participaron 17 jugadoras de fútbol femenino de categoría Primera Autonómica y Preferente Autonómica Femenina española, con rangos de edad de 14 a 23 años. Las pruebas realizadas fueron: OverHead Squat (OHS), Drop Vertical Jump Test (DVJ), Tuck Jump (TJ) y Triple Hop Test (TH). Se halló que todas las jugadoras presentaron mejores resultados para la pierna dominante, mostrando una media mayor de flexión lateral del tronco (TLFA) al aterrizar con la pierna izquierda (8,88±5,15 º) que al aterrizar con la derecha (7,05±5,40 º) en el DVJ unipodal. Además, se encontró que gran parte de las jugadoras (41,20%) presentaron riesgo medio de lesión en el OHS, así como un desplazamiento medio de las rodillas en sentido medial (valgo) en el aterrizaje bipodal del DVJ (-1,88 cm), mientras que la mayoría de ellas (65%) no mostraron asimetrías neuromusculares de miembro inferior. En conclusión, las jugadoras muestran principalmente déficits funcionales en la estabilidad central (CORE) y en la estabilidad de rodilla para resistir y transmitir fuerzas en acciones de alto riesgo para el LCA como los saltos-aterrizajes. Por tanto, estos déficits deberían ser abordados de forma integral con las futbolistas.

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Fuente de los datos: Dialnet