Revisión sistemática sobre programas para la prevención de lesiones de la extremidad inferior en jóvenes deportistas

  1. Robles-Palazón, F. J. 1
  2. Cejudo, A. 1
  3. Ayala, F. 2
  4. Sainz de Baranda, P. 1
  1. 1 Universidad de Murcia
    info

    Universidad de Murcia

    Murcia, España

    ROR https://ror.org/03p3aeb86

  2. 2 Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche
    info

    Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche

    Elche, España

    ROR https://ror.org/01azzms13

Revista:
Journal of sport and health research

ISSN: 1989-6239

Año de publicación: 2019

Volumen: 11

Número: 1

Páginas: 1-16

Tipo: Artículo

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Otras publicaciones en: Journal of sport and health research

Resumen

A pesar de los importantes beneficios derivados de la práctica de actividad física y deportiva de manera regular, las altas demandas físicas del deporte colocan a sus practicantes en una situación más vulnerable para sufrir una lesión. En los últimos años se han publicado numerosas estrategias que intentan reducir la incidencia lesional en jóvenes deportistas. Por tanto, el objetivo principal de esta revisión es presentar, analizar y comparar los distintos programas de prevención de lesiones publicados hasta el momento en función de su objetivo, población, volumen y tipo de ejercicios, así como su eficacia. La identificación de los estudios publicados sobre esta temática se realizó durante el mes de marzo de 2016 a través de una búsqueda sistemática en las bases de datos electrónicas PubMed, MEDLINE y Web of Science. La lectura exhaustiva de los artículos reportó 14 programas. La mayoría de los programas fueron multicomponentes, tuvieron por objetivo las lesiones de rodilla (n = 10) y estuvieron dirigidos a jugadores de fútbol (78%), y a adolescentes (71%). Solo la mitad proporcionó niveles de progresión. La duración total osciló entre 10 y 25 min, con una frecuencia semanal de 2-3 sesiones, y una media de 14 ejercicios por programa. Los programas FIFA 11+ Kids, FIFA 11+, Knäkontroll y Neuromuscular Training Program podrían ser los más recomendables para su utilización en la práctica deportiva habitual.

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Información de financiación

Este trabajo es resultado de un contrato predoctoral de formación del personal investigador (20326/FPI/17) financiado por la Consejería de Empleo, Universidades y Empresa de la CARM, a través de la Fundación Séneca-Agencia de Ciencia y Tecnología de la Región de Murcia, y del proyecto I+D "Estudio del riesgo de lesión en jóvenes deportistas a través de redes de inteligencia artificial" (DEP2017-88775-P) del Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigación Científica y Técnica de Excelencia del Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad de España.

Financiadores

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