Canons in Media Language and Professional Voice

  1. Juan M. Hernández-Campoy
  2. Juan A. Cutillas-Espinosa
Revista:
Complutense Journal of English Studies

ISSN: 2386-3935

Año de publicación: 2017

Número: 25

Páginas: 49-68

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.5209/CJES.56860 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Complutense Journal of English Studies

Resumen

Linguistic prescriptivism is an ideology and authority based practice that has traditionally vindicated the use of norms of language as social conventions on correctness, appropriateness, aesthetics and validity, also affecting media language. The aim of this paper is to explore the theoretical underpinnings of the Script Design model, which underlines the need to consider not only responsive and even initiative based performance, but also the script or use of a professional voice, as part of structural constrains, that conditions the individual linguistic behaviour in public occupations. The debate on responsive-initiative motivations in stylistic variation is a central issue of the traditional pendulum-oscillating dilemma in social theory about the relationship between structure and agency, i.e. between sociolinguistic limitations and creativity, and also between speaker intention and listener understanding. Despite their social or regional background, speakers modify their linguistic production in public depending on the market characteristics and the structural constrains. The spirit of the Script Model, therefore, alludes to the standing debate in both classical and contemporary sociological theory over the primacy of social structure or agency in shaping human behaviour and the meaning of human behaviour itself

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Andersson, Lars and Peter J. Trudgill (1990). Bad Language. Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Androutsopoulos, Jannis, ed. (2014). Mediatization and Sociolinguistic Change. Berlin/ Boston: Walter de Gruyter.
  • Barker, Chris (2000). Cultural Studies: Theory and Practice. London: SAGE.
  • Bartsch, Renate (1987). Norms of Language. London and New York: Longman.
  • Baugh, Albert C. and Thomas Cable (1935/2012). A History of the English Language, 6th Edition. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
  • Bell, Allan (1982a). Radio: The Style of News Language. Journal of Communication 32: 150-164.
  • Bell, Allan (1982b). This isn’t the BBC: Colonialism in New Zealand English. Applied Linguistics 3: 246-258.
  • Bell, Allan (1984). Language Style as Audience Design. Language in Society 13: 145-204.
  • Bell, Allan (1991). The Language of News Media. Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Bell, Allan (2014). The Guidebook to Sociolinguistics. Malden: Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Bell, Allan and Peter Garrett, eds. (1998). Approaches to Media Discourse. Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Bell, Allan and Gary Johnson (1997). Towards a Sociolinguistics of Style. University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics 4.1: 1-21.
  • Bourdieu, Pierre (1991). Language and Symbolic Power. Cambridge: Polity Press.
  • Brinton, Laurel J. and Leslie K. Arnovick (2006/2011). The English Language. A Linguistic History. 2nd edition. Ontario: Oxford University Press.
  • Cameron, Deborah (1995). Verbal Hygiene. London: Routledge.
  • Cameron, Deborah (2001). Verbal Hygiene. In R. Mesthrie, ed., 688-690.
  • Chambers, J.K. and N. Schilling, eds. (2013). The Handbook of Language Variation and Change. 2nd edition. Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Cheshire, Jennifer and Dieter Stein, eds. (1997). Taming the Vernacular: From Dialect to Written Standard Language. London: Longman.
  • Coupland, Nikolas (1980). Style-shifting in a Cardiff Work Setting. Language in Society 9: 1-12.
  • Coupland, Nikolas (1981). The Social Differentiation of Functional Language Use: A Sociolinguistic Investigation of Travel Agency Talk. Cardiff: University of Wales Institute of Science and Technology (Ph.D. Dissertation).
  • Coupland, Nikolas (2007). Style: Language Variation, and Identity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Cullen, C. (2001). Prescriptive and Descriptive Grammar. In R. Mesthrie, ed., 58-59.
  • Cutillas-Espinosa, Juan Antonio and Juan Manuel Hernández-Campoy (2006). Nonresponsive Performance in Radio Broadcasting: A Case Study. Language Variation and Change 18.3: 1-14.
  • Cutillas-Espinosa, Juan Antonio and Juan Manuel Hernández-Campoy (2007). Script Design in the Media: Radio Talk Norms behind a Professional Voice. Language & Communication 27.2: 127-152.
  • Davis, Howard and Paul Walton, eds. (1983). Language, Image, Media. Oxford: Blackwell.
  • De La Cruz, I., C. Santamaría, C. Tejedor and C. Valero, eds. (2001). La Lingüística Aplicada a Finales del Siglo XX. Ensayos y Propuestas. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, 707-713.
  • Duranti, Alessandro, ed. (2001). Key Terms in Language and Culture. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
  • Duranti, Alessandro, Elinor Ochs and Bambi B. Schieffelin, eds. (2012). The Handbook of Language Socialization. Malden: Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Eakins, B.W. and R.G. Eakins (1978). Sex Differences in Human Communication. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin.
  • Eckert, Penelope (2012). Three Waves of Variation Study: The Emergence of Meaning in the Study of Sociolinguistic Variation. Annual Review of Anthropology 41: 87-100.
  • Ellis, John (2000). Seeing Things: Television in the Age of Uncertainty. London: I.B. Tauris.
  • Fabricius, Anne H. (2002). RP as Sociolinguistic Object. Nordic Journal of English Studies 1: 355-372.
  • Fairclough, Norman (1989/2001). Language and Power, 2nd edition. London: Longman.
  • Fairclough, Norman (1995). Media Discourse. London: Edward Arnold.
  • Fairclough, Norman (2000). New Labour, New Language? London: Routledge.
  • Fisher, John H. (1996). The Emergence of Standard English. Lexington, KY: University Press of Kentucky.
  • Gimson, Alfred Charles (1962/1980). An Introduction to the Pronunciation of English, 3rd Edition. London: Arnold.
  • Guy, Gregory R. (2001). Language, Social Class, and Status. In R. Mesthrie, ed., 159-185.
  • Hart, Herbert (1961). The Concept of Norm. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Haugen, Einar (1966). Dialect, language and nation. In J.B. Pride and J. Holmes, eds., 97-112.
  • Havránek, Bohuslav (1932/1964). The Functional Differentiation of the Standard Language. Praguiana: 143-163. Also in P. Garvin, ed. (1964). A Prague School Reader on Esthetics, Literary Structure and Style. Washington: Georgetown University Press, 3-16.
  • Hernández Campoy, Juan Manuel (2016). Sociolinguistic Styles. Malden: Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Hernández-Campoy, Juan Manuel and Juan Camilo Conde-Silvestre, eds. (2012). The Handbook of Historical Sociolinguistics. Malden: Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Hernández Campoy, Juan Manuel and Juan Antonio Cutillas-Espinosa, eds. (2012). Style- Shifting in Public: New Perspectives on Stylistic Variation. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
  • Hernández Campoy, Juan Manuel and Juan Antonio Cutillas-Espinosa (2013). The Effects of Public and Individual Language Attitudes on Intra-speaker Variation: A Case Study of Style-shifting. Multilingua 32.1: 79-101.
  • Hogg, Richard N. and David Denison, eds. (2006). A History of the English Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Hope, Jonathan (2000). Rats, Bats, Sparrows and Dogs: Biology, Linguistics and the Nature of Standard English. In Laura Wright, ed., 49-56.
  • Hymes, Dell. (1974). Foundations in Sociolinguistics: An Ethnographic Approach. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
  • Jiménez-Cano, José María and Juan Manuel Hernández-Campoy (2004). Quantifying the Standardisation Process in a Non-standard Local Community: The Case of Murcia. Spanish in Context 1.1: 67-92.
  • Johnson, Sally and Tommaso M. Milani (2010). Language Ideologies and Media Discourse: Texts, Practices, Politics. London and New York: Continuum.
  • Johnson, Sally, Tommaso M. Milani and Clive Upton (2010). Language Ideological Debates on the BBC ‘Voices’ Website: Hypermodality in Theory and Practice. In S. Johnson and T.M. Milani, eds., 223-251.
  • Johnstone, Barbara (2000). The Individual Voice in Language. Annual Review of Anthropology 29: 405-425.
  • Johnstone, Barbara (2001). The Individual. In A. Duranti, ed., 122-125.
  • Key, M.R. (1975). Male/Female Language. Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press.
  • Kortmann, Bernd and Clive Upton, eds. (2008). Varieties of English. Volume I: The British Isles. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
  • Labov, William (1966/2006). The Social Stratification of English in New York City, 2nd edition. Cambridge University Press (1st edition: Washington D.C.: Center for Applied Linguistics).
  • Langer, Nils and Agnete Nesse (2012.) Linguistic Purism. In J.M. Hernández-Campoy and J.C. Conde-Silvestre, eds., 607-625.
  • Lass, Roger, ed. (1999). The Cambridge History of the English Language. Vol. 2: 1476-1776. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Leitner, Gerhard (1983). The Social Background of the Language of Radio. In H. Davis and P. Walton, eds., 50-74.
  • Lippi-Green, Rosina (1997/2012). English with an Accent Language, Ideology, and Discrimination in the United States, 2nd edition. Oxon and New York: Routledge.
  • Llamas, C., L. Mullany and P. Stockwell, eds. (2007). The Routledge Companion to Sociolinguistics. London: Routledge.
  • Long, Daniel and Dennis R. Preston, eds. (2002). Handbook of Perceptual Dialectology. Vol. 2. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
  • Macaulay Ronald K.S. (1973). Double Standards. American Anthropologist 75: 1324-1337.
  • Macaulay, Ronald. K.S. (1977). Language, Social Class, and Education: A Glasgow Study. Edinburgh: The University Press.
  • Macaulay, Ronald K.S. (1988). RP R.I.P. Applied Linguistics 9: 115-123.
  • Macaulay, Ronald K.S. (1997). Standards and Variation in Urban Speech: Some Examples from Lowland Scots. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
  • Macdonald, Myra (2003). Exploring Media Discourse. London: Edward Arnold.
  • Machin, David and Theo van Leeuwen (2007). Global Media Discourse: A Critical Introduction. Abingdon and New York: Routledge.
  • Marecek, J., J.A. Piliavin, E. Fitzsimmons, E.C. Krogh, E. Leader and B. Trudell (1978). Women as TV Experts: The Voice of Authority. Journal of Communication 28: 159-168.
  • Mesthrie, Rajend, ed. (2001). Concise Encyclopedia of Sociolinguistics. Oxford: Elsevier.
  • Milroy, James (1992). Language Variation and Change. On the Historical Sociolinguistics of English. Blackwell: Oxford.
  • Milroy, James (2001a). Language Ideologies and the Consequences of Standardization. Journal of Sociolinguistics 5.4: 530-555.
  • Milroy, James (2001b). Received Pronunciation: Who ‘Receives’ it and How Long Will it Be ‘Received’? Studia Anglica Posnaniensia 36: 15-33.
  • Milroy, James (2007). The Ideology of the Standard Language. In C. Llamas, L. Mullany and P. Stockwell, eds., 133-148.
  • Milroy, James (2012). Sociolinguistics and Ideologies in Language History. In J.M. Hernández-Campoy and J.C. Conde-Silvestre, eds., 571-584.
  • Milroy, James and Lesley Milroy (1985). Authority in Language: Investigating Language Prescription and Stantardisation. London and New York: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
  • Momma, Haruko and Michael Matto, eds. (2008). A Companion to the History of the English Language. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Mompeán-González, José Antonio and Juan Manuel Hernández-Campoy (2001). Advantages and Disadvantages of RP as an EFL Model of Pronunciation. In I. De La Cruz, C. Santamaría, C. Tejedor and C. Valero, eds., 707-713.
  • Monroy, Rafael (1980). La Pronunciación del Inglés RP para Hablantes de Español. Madrid: Paraninfo.
  • Moreno-Fernández, Julia and Francisco Moreno-Fernández (2002). Madrid Perceptions of Regional Varieties in Spain. In D. Long and D.R. Preston, eds., 295-320.
  • Moschonas, Spiros and Jürgen Spitzmüller (2010). Prescriptivism in and about the Media: A Comparative Analysis of Corrective Practices in Greece and Germany. In Johnson and Milani, eds., 17-40.
  • Mugglestone, Linda (2008). The Rise of Received Pronunciation. In H. Momma and M. Matto, eds., 243-250.
  • O’Keeffe, Anne (2006). Investigating Media Discourse. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Pride, J.B. and J. Holmes, eds. (1966). Sociolinguistics. Harmondsworth: Penguin
  • Ramsaran, Susan (1990). RP: Fact and Fiction. In S. Ramsaran, ed., 178-190.
  • Ramsaran, Susan, ed. (1990). Studies in the Pronunciation of English: A Commemorative Volumen in Honour of A.C. Gimson. London: Routledge.
  • Riley, Kathleen C. (2012). Language Socialization and Language Ideologies. In A. Duranti, E. Ochs and B.B. Schieffelin, eds., 493-514.
  • Ritzer, George and Douglas J. Goodman (1983/2000). Modern Sociological Theory, 5th edition. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Romaine, Suzanne, ed. (1998). The Cambridge History of the English Language. Vol. 3: 1776-1997. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Sairio, Anni and Minna Palander-Collin (2012). The Reconstruction of Prestige Patterns in Language History. In J.M. Hernández-Campoy and J.C. Conde-Silvestre, eds., 626-638.
  • Sánchez-López, Laura (2004). El Habla de los Vendedores de El Corte Inglés de Murcia. Estudio Sociolingüístico. Tonos Digital 8: 117-146.
  • Scannell, Paddy (1996). Radio, Television and Modern Life. Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Scannell, Paddy and David Cardiff (1991). Serving the Nation: A Social History of British Broadcasting (vol. 1). Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Schilling, Natalie (2013). Investigating Stylistic Variation. In J.K. Chambers and N. Schilling, eds., 327-349.
  • Schrøder, Kim C. (2001). Media Language and Communication. In R. Mesthrie, ed., 246-256.
  • Selting, Margret (1983). Institutionelle Kommunikation. Stilwechsel als Mittel strategischer Interaktion. Linguistiche Berichte 86: 29-48.
  • Spencer, John (1957). Received Pronunciation: Some Problems of Interpretation. Lingua 7: 7-29.
  • Spitulnik, Debra (1999). Media. Journal of Linguistics Anthropology 9: 148-151.
  • Talbot, Mary (2007). Media Discourse: Representation and Interaction. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • Tolson, Andrew (2006). Media Talk: Spoken Discourse on TV and Radio. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • Trudgill, Peter John (1975). Accent, Dialect and the School. London: Edward Arnold.
  • Ullman-Margalit, Edna (1977). The Emergence of Norms. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • UNESCO (1953). The Use of Vernacular Languages in Education. Paris: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization.
  • Upton, Clive (2008). Received Pronunciation. In B. Kortmann and C. Upton, eds., 237-252.
  • Wells, John Christophe (1982). Accents of English: The British Isles (vol. 2). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Wakelin, Martyn F. (1972). English Dialects: an Introduction. London: Athlone Press.
  • Wright, Laura, ed. (2000), The Development of Standard English, 1300-1800: Theories, Descriptions, Conflicts. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.