Características de la escala Downton en la valoración del riesgo de caídas en pacientes hospitalizados

  1. María Jesús Bueno-García 1
  2. María Teresa Roldán-Chicano 2
  3. Javier Rodríguez-Tello 2
  4. María Dolores Meroño-Rivera 2
  5. Rut Dávila-Martínez 1
  6. Noelia Berenguer-García 1
  1. 1 Servicio Murciano de salud
  2. 2 HGU de Santa Lucía de Cartagena
Journal:
Enfermería clínica

ISSN: 1130-8621

Year of publication: 2017

Volume: 27

Issue: 4

Pages: 227-234

Type: Article

DOI: 10.1016/J.ENFCLI.2017.02.008 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

More publications in: Enfermería clínica

Abstract

Objective To describe the risk of falls assessments properties and profiles of the patients who fell in a public hospital of the National Health System, and to determine the relationship between the “presence of a fall” and the previous score using the Downton scale, in order to calculate some of the features of this tool: Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, likelihood ratio, and odss ratio. Materials and methods A study with a descriptive retrospective design was conducted on the incidence of falls recorded in Cartagena Hospital. An analysis was made of possible causes and effects of falls during the period from March 2010 to March 2015. A total of 576 patients fell during the period of the study, of whom 107 were recorded in the no “fall risk” registry, leaving a sample of 469 patients in the study. Data analysis was performed using the SPSSv.19 Statistics Package. Results In the context in which the assessment was made, the Downton scale had a sensitivity of 0.58, specificity 0.62, a positive likelihood ratio of 1.55, and negative likelihood ratio of 0.67. The odds ratio calculated was 2.31. Conclusions The data on the incidence of falls (0.51%) are similar to those found in other studies. Poor scores obtained on the Downton Index should serve as a wakeup call for the healthcare institutions. An assessment tool that classifies the at-risk patient should be included in patient safety profiles, provided it is of relevant validity to cover any changes in the patient's situation, and acts as a better yardstick than the nurses’ own assessment.

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