Prediction of human adaptation and performance in underwater environments

  1. Colodro Plaza, Joaquín
  2. Garcés de Los Fayos Ruiz, Enrique Javier
  3. López García, Juan José
  4. Colodro Conde, Lucía
Revista:
Psicothema

ISSN: 0214-9915

Año de publicación: 2014

Volumen: 26

Número: 3

Páginas: 336-342

Tipo: Artículo

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Otras publicaciones en: Psicothema

Resumen

Antecedentes: los estresores ambientales exigen al buceador profesional un complejo proceso de adaptación psicofisiológica para superar las demandas de un medio extremo y desarrollar trabajos subacuáticos efectivos. La influencia de los rasgos cognitivos y de personalidad para predecir la adaptación y el rendimiento ha constituido una preocupación constante en Psicología del buceo, aunque no se han alcanzado conclusiones definitivas. Método: en este estudio ex post facto se analizaron datos psicológicos y académicos de personal que realiza cursos de buceo en el Centro de Buceo de la Armada Española. Con el fin de verificar la relevancia de las diferencias individuales en la adaptación a un ambiente hostil, hemos evaluado la validez predictiva de la inteligencia y personalidad mediante técnicas de regresión. Resultados: los datos obtenidos indicaron la existencia de variables psicológicas útiles para predecir el rendimiento (R2 = .30, p<.001) y la adaptación (R2N = .51, p<.001) en el medio subacuático. Conclusiones: estos hallazgos confirman la hipótesis de que las diferencias individuales guardan relación con la probabilidad de obtener una satisfactoria adaptación y rendimiento efectivo en buceo profesional, tienen un papel decisivo en la formación de buceadores y son factores significativos en su aptitud psicológica.

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