Tuberculosis de la fauna silvestre en ganaderías de bovino de lidia (Bos taurus)

Abstract

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacteriuni tuberculosis complex's microorganisms (CMTB), rnainly composed by Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium caprae. In this study we will determined the presence of tuberculosis in two species of wildlife: wild boar and deer, which live in contact with livestock of fighting bull. For this we studied a total of 32 wild boars and 8 beers,all of them were killed in two lumber camps held in farms of fighting biills. In the post-mortem inspection of these animals samples were taken of lymph nodes and lung, which were processed in 10% buffered forrnalin and were embedded in paraffin. Sections were performed dual 4 pn thick, which were stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin (H-E) and Ziehl- Neelsen (ZN) together with a bacteriological analysis of each of the samples. Of the 32 wild boars analyzed, macroscopic compatible lesions with tuberculosis at 16 were observed. Of these, 13 animals had microscopic typical lesions corresponding to a granuloma with large central necrosis and calcification, al1 surrounded by macrophages and multinucleated giant cells. Externally appeared lymphocytes and connective tissue. Of these 13 wild boars, were positive 6 to Z-N, of which 5 showed growth of bacteria in the bacteriological analysis CMTB. Only in a 38'46 % of cases were identified CMTB's bacteria on total animals observed with compatible lesions with optical microscope. In the case of the 8 deer checked, 4 of them had macroscopic compatible lesions with tuberculosis and were positive in the other tests. As the prevalence in this study of 50%. Worth noting the importante of wildlife especially wild boar and wild ruminants in the epidemiology of tuberculosis in livestock of fighting bull