El tratamiento psicológico del trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo en Europaun estudio meta-analítico

  1. Gómez Conesa, Antonia Aurelia
  2. Méndez Carrillo, Francisco Javier
  3. Sánchez Meca, Julio
Aldizkaria:
Psicología conductual = behavioral psychology: Revista internacional de psicología clínica y de la salud

ISSN: 1132-9483

Argitalpen urtea: 2003

Alea: 11

Zenbakia: 2

Orrialdeak: 213-237

Mota: Artikulua

DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

Beste argitalpen batzuk: Psicología conductual = behavioral psychology: Revista internacional de psicología clínica y de la salud

Laburpena

En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de un meta-análisis sobre la eficacia de las intervenciones psicológicas, solas o en combinación con psicofármacos, en el trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo. Se incluyeron 23 artículos europeos que cumplieron con los criterios de selección, dando lugar a 43 estudios independientes, sobre los que se calculó la diferencia media tipificada entre las medias del pretest y del postest. El tamaño del efecto medio global, d+=1,443, reflejó una clara eficacia para disminuir las obsesiones/compulsiones, así como los síntomas de depresión, ansiedad y ajuste social, aunque éstos en menor medida. Los tratamientos más eficaces consistieron en la combinación de técnicas de exposición con prevención de respuesta o de reestructuración cognitiva con antidepresivos (d+=2,044 y d+=2,953, respectivamente), tales como la clomipramina o la fluvoxamina. Se propone un modelo predictivo de la eficacia, en función de los tipos de tratamientos y de la calidad metodológica de los estudios. Finalmente, se discuten las implicaciones prácticas y clínicas de los resultados, así como para la investigación futura en este campo.

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