Análisis de los procesos empleados en la pérdida de peso en Lucha Olímpica y Boxeo en mujeres

Zusammenfassung

In Olympic Wrestling and Boxing the regulation establishes a categorization of athletes by weight. In this way, physical potential between rivals is balanced and the performance percentage increases, which depends on the technical-tactical and psychological skills that each athlete demonstrates during the match. Many of the athletes want to have an additional advantage, considerering what this influences in own health. To tournament stress, joined of lack training, counseling and / or good weight control planning. These rapid and important decreases in weight are producing especially negative effects in the female population, generating among other diseases a higher incidence of eating disorders than in men. The aim of the research is to know the different methodologies used by athletes during the different phases of weight loss and the consequences which they represent on the health of the athlete, comparing the results between Wrestling and Boxing. The sample included 91 athletes belonging to the national teams, 29 boxers and 62 wrestler with an average age of 22.29 (±5.5) years. The instrument that was used the “Combat Sports Weight Loss Questionnaire”, where the strategies and methodologies used for weight loss in combat sports are evaluated. The results showed that seven out of ten athletes had a weight loss. The most used techniques are those related to training and feeding, while the boxers ingest less liquid the wrestlers fasten and wear the plastic suit more. It would be highly advisable to establish training programs on nutritional and health habits for athletes of these modalities.