Efectos de la aplicación tópica de matriz acelular de vejiga urinaria de cerdo y extracto de centella asiática en la regeneración de heridas en lengua de rata

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of topical applications of porcine acellular urinary bladder matrix (AUBM) and Centella asiatica extract (CAE) on the healing of tongue wounds created with a steel scalpel in an in vivo rat model. Materials and Methods: Wounds were made in the dorsum of the tongue using a punch tool in 64 male Sprague-Dawley rats, randomized into four groups (n=16 per group): Group 1 (control); Group 2 (CAE); Group 3 (AUBM mixed with orabase); Group 4 (orabase). No product was applied in Group 1; the animals in Groups 2-4 received three daily topical applications. Wound status was assessed daily and the animals were weighed on day 0 and at the time of euthanasia (to assess post-operative oral intake). Four rats in each group were euthanized at days 2, 7, 14 and 21 and the tongues were processed for: macroscopic morphometric analysis of wound repair (percentage of tongue occupied by wound); myeloperoxidase (MPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels; histological wound repair (degree of reepithelialization and inflammation); and CD31 positivity. Results: The animals weight gain, histological wound repair and CD31 positivity from greatest to least were: AUBM “mayor que” CAE “mayor que” orabase “mayor que” control, whereby the AUBM Group showed statistically significant differences (p?0.05) in comparison with the other groups at days 7, 14 and 21 for weight gain, and at days 2 and 7 for histological wound repair and CD31 positivity. Percentage of tongue occupied by wound, MPO and MPA levels from least to greatest were: AUBM “menor que” CAE “menor que” orabase “menor que” control, whereby the AUBM group showed significant differences (p?0.05) in comparison with the other groups on days 2, 7, 14 and 21 for percentage of tongue occupied by wound and MDA; and on days 7, 14 and 21 for MPO. Conclusions: CAE is effective for oral mucosa tissue regeneration, while topical applications of AUBM are an even more potent means of oral mucosa regeneration. In this sense, AUBM may be beneficial to patients with wounds to the oral mucosa; this finding requires further clinical and laboratory investigation.