Intervención musicoterapéutica en pacientes oncohematológicos sometidos a trasplante autólogoaplicación del modelo Helen bonny de Imagen Guiada y Música

Résumé

Music Therapy is a scientific discipline that, in the last few decades, has increased its relevance in global medical healthcare. Due to improvements it has increased the quality of life of the patients during their stay in hospital. The diagnosis of cancer and medical procedures generate a great physical, emotional and psychological impact on the patient. At the same time it has an impact on their family dynamics and social roles. Psychooncology, has dealt with the psychological repercussions of cancer from prevention to palliative care, through the phases of intervention of the illness and rehabilitation of the patient. The intervention phase is closely related to the patient's style of coping with the disease. Each patient's strategies may be adaptive or maladaptive. The aim of this essay is to demonstrate the effectiveness of Music Therapy intervention in the development of positive strategies in oncohaematological patients undergoing autologous transplantation of hematopoietic progenitors. In order to achieve this, an analysis of the coping mechanisms of the patient is needed before and after the intervention. There is an evaluation of the changes produced in the connotative and denotative meaning of cognitive and emotional character that the patient attributes to the disease. There is also an evaluation, to determine if the intervention affects the improvement of the psychological response in the treatment and post-treatment phases. Patients diagnosed with myeloma, lymphoma or solid tumor have been selected, based on autologous transplantation of hematopoietic progenitors; and their coping styles have been measured through the spanish questionnaire CAEPO, that measures coping stress in oncology patients. Before and after the intervention of music therapy with the Bonny Method of Guided Imagery and Music, Music Therapy processes of male patient are analyzed, observing those aspects in which music therapy can complement the medical treatment from the psycho - oncological approach. We have demonstrated that during the music therapy process, patients have been able to improve their coping skills through encouraging decision making and a sense of control over their lives. Reinforcing positive attitudes, handling of symptoms and stress, and prevention of maladaptive responses to isolation, are just some of the benefits.