Análisis integral de la biodiversidad de Geometridae y Noctuoidea de la Sierra del Taibilla y Sierra de Las Cabras (Albacete-Murcia)

Abstract

The macrolepidopteran fauna of the Sierra del Taibilla has been studied, focusing mainly on the species of the Geometridae family and the Noctuoidea superfamily. The information has been obtained through samplings for two years systematically every two weeks in localities selected for their hábitats, by light traps and laboratory determination of visu and genital analysis. The faunal composition of the studied area has been determined and characterized, the fauna of each selected localities, the structure of their communities both in general and each taxon individually. Likewise, the species richness, abundances, dominances, densities and biological diversities have been studied, both alpha diversity of each localities, and beta diversity that relates the different localities according to the similarity of their fauna. On the other hand, the study has been carried out, through bibliographic reviews and own samplings, of the fauna of Geometridae and Noctuoidea of another ten areas present in the southeast, center and north of the Iberian Peninsula. The information obtained has served to update the knowledge of the macrolepidopteran fauna of the studied areas, to know the chorology of each of its species to compare and analyze the proportions of the different biogeographic elements between the different areas and depending on the different taxa. Finally, the application of beta diversity indices has been carried out to determine the degree of similarity of the faunal composition between the different geographical areas studied. Different statistical analyzes have been carried out, resulting in: The Sierra del Taibilla is one of the most diverse studied in terms of its composition of Geometridae and Noctuoidea; the species accumulation curves show that the Goemetridae are closer than the Noctuoidea to the maximum number of species in the area, the localities of Toñido, Embalse and Pueblo being the most diverse; phenology indicates a maximum of species and specimens in late summer; alpha diversity is inconclusive; There are no significant differences between the fauna of the 7 localities studied in the Sierra del Taibilla, the dominant taxa are Noctuidae and Erebidae; When comparing the sierra with other peninsular areas using beta diversity, a clear differentiation has been obtained between the northern areas of Atlantic influence compared to that of the southeast, the Central System has intermediate fauna and endemic species increase towards the south of the peninsula, as well as Eurasian and Palearctic elements decrease, Erebidae increase towards the south and Larentiinae decrease; The Sierra del Taibilla shares similarity with that of María, Serranía of Cuenca and Sierra Nevada, and less with other geographical entities of the southeast, and very far from those of the Iberian north; there are no major differences in the proportions obtained between Geometridae and Noctuoidea.