Análisis bibliométrico de la producción científica en lactancia materna en España entre los años 1980 - 2015un estudio aproximativo

Abstract

The current society inserted in a world VUCA (volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous) has produced vertiginous changes in relation to breastfeeding (BF). Nowdays it seems that more importance is given to structural factors related to the capitalist economy, such as the interests of food corporations and producers of artificial formula, or issues related to the labor market, those related to the incorporation of women into work and those working conditions incompatible with the BF. All this initial approach is questioned from a health context, asking if the abandonment of the BF is a consequence of a deeper social and cultural change. The studies and publications carried out in BF have been multiple and diverse. That is why we consider it necessary to analyze the knowledge and scientific production carried out to date on this discipline. From this concern, this research emerges as an interdisciplinary study that aims to give priority to the protection, promotion and support of the BF. A critical and integrative review of the defended doctoral theses and scientific articles of published journals in this field is carried out, offering a deeper understanding of the meaning and scope of the researches carried out. The purpose of this Doctoral Thesis is to investigate the growth and distribution of scientific documents through out their analysis and evaluation, in order to collect the scientific production of researchers in BF, as well as model, profile of authors and directors and publication patterns, studying nature and the course of it. To this end, a sample of 155 Doctoral Theses published in Spanish Universities and 113 articles published in selected journals has been selected, such as: Index de Enfermería, Rol de Enfermería, Metas, Ennfermería Clíncia y Anales de Pediatría, with the common denominator of the keyword "breastfeeding", from 1980 to 2015. Using both criteria as search engines in the bibliographic analysis, carrying out a mixed methodology, with qualitative data analysis, framed within a retrospective and descriptive analysis, as well as a quantitative analysis through bibliometric indicators. The aim is to offer a solid and reliable set of systematic, empirical and critical research processes and results, in order to present information on current and future trends in research and innovation, from a multidimensional and objective perspective. Studying the position of Nursing as a discipline in the academic scientific context in reference to this topic, in order to enrich the knowledge and direction of further studies and research in this subject of BF. The main results show an evident plurality in the elaboration of articles, as well as doctoral theses, making contributions from very different topics and lines of research. 155 doctoral theses guided by 203 different directors and defended before 553 experts in BF, confirming with it a clear heterogeneity. As for articles published in journals of scientific interest, 387 authors have given form and content to the 113 articles analyzed, of which 321 are occasional authors, authors who have only published an article on this topic. Regarding authorship by sex, the global representation of the researchers in BF is higher coming from women. Important sources in the scientific production in BF have been the Universities of Murcia, Málaga, Alicante, Granada, Barcelona, Complutense de Madrid and Autónomas de Madrid and Barcelona; as well as the Hospital Clínico Lozano Blesa and 12 Octubre. Being able to establish through them the reticular structures of co-participation, as well as, the formed scientific schools that are just below the surface of the studies in BF, although it is necessary to highlight the little bonds of international collaboration. Finally, it can be concluded that the quality of the studied sample is optimal and, in addition, it has been improving and increasing throughout the studied period. It is necessary to continue carrying out bibliometric studies that allow testing both the quality of articles and new doctoral theses that arise, to develop strategies that more accurately show the current science around BF.