Estudio de la eficacia de bioestimulantes en un modelo animal de exéresis cutánea en ratón SKH1/CR inmunocompetente

Resumen

The skin is the largest organ of the human body and constitutes an effective barrier against different types of external agents. When there is a break in the integrity of this barrier, a wound is produced. Nowadays, there is a strong demand for products of natural origin for the treatment of skin lesions. The objective of the present study was to test the efficacy of two biostimulants compounds constituted by elastin and lung-pepsin hydrolysis at different concentrations in the healing of wounds. For this purpose, a 14-day prospective study was carried out using SKH-1 mice. The animals underwent skin excision in the dorsal area using a 4 mm diameter punch. Each day, the products were applied directly on the wound, and macroscopic, echographic, microscopic and immunohistochemical evaluations were performed on the days zero, third, seventh and fourteenth of the study. At the macroscopic level, an apparent improvement in all the groups is found throughout the study. It is in the group treated with elastin 25% where it is seen a worse healing at 7 days. The B-mode ultrasounds obtained from the lesion area are different in each group. A better result was observed in group 4 (hydrolysis 25%). Regarding Doppler ultrasonography, we found statistically significant differences on day 3 of the study between the different groups 2 (elastin 50%) and 4 (hydrolysis 25%), not remaining in the other periods of the study. At the histological level, remarkable differences were observed in inflammation at 7 days, with group 4 behaving better (25% hydrolysis). The presence of inflammatory infiltrate was greater in the samples of the shorter study time (3 days). Cell proliferation seems to be more active in intermediate phases. A slight marking was observed in group 1 (elastin 50% 3 days), as well as in groups 2 (elastin 50% 7 days) and 13 (placebo 3 days). Highlighting the treatment with HP at 50% which in all study times the epidermis showed great proliferative activity. Further studies are necessary to understand the role of the study products in the cicatricial process, as well as its possible extrapolation for its use in humans.