Efecto del ejercicio físico sobre la inflamación en adultos mayores hospitalizados en unidad de agudos

Zusammenfassung

Aging is associated with a deterioration of the immune system, a chronic low-grade inflammatory state and a series of metabolic alterations that trigger diseases such as sarcopenia, progressively leading to the deterioration of the functional capacity that negatively impacts quality of life and emotional wellness. These alterations are associated, in turn, with an increase in chronic diseases, risk of hospitalization, health care costs, morbidity and death for this vulnerable population. In this sense, it has been suggested that supervised physical exercise can counteract the negative effects of aging by reducing inflammation and metabolic alterations, thus provoking a healthy aging process and improving the quality of life of these patients. However, it is unclear what effect exercise interventions have on these outcomes in very elderly patients undergoing acute hospitalization. In this doctoral thesis, we present the results of a systematic review and a clinical study that demonstrates the impact of interventions with either resistance and/or multicomponent physical exercise programs in improving metabolic and inflammatory outcomes, thus preventing functional deterioration and improving cognitive status and quality of life in very elderly patients during acute hospitalization, in recognized JCR-indexed international scientific journals on the Web of Science - Journal Citation Reports.