Efectos de la utilización de la inteligencia competitiva en pymes industriales

  1. Emilio Placer-Maruri 1
  2. Daniel Pérez González 1
  3. Pedro Soto Acosta 2
  1. 1 Universidad de Cantabria
    info

    Universidad de Cantabria

    Santander, España

    ROR https://ror.org/046ffzj20

  2. 2 Universidad de Murcia
    info

    Universidad de Murcia

    Murcia, España

    ROR https://ror.org/03p3aeb86

Revista:
Intangible Capital

ISSN: 1697-9818

Año de publicación: 2016

Volumen: 12

Número: 4

Páginas: 923-941

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.3926/IC.750 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Intangible Capital

Objetivos de desarrollo sostenible

Resumen

Purpose: The literature about Competitive Intelligence (CI), as an advanced process of information management orientated towards supporting strategic decision making, has focused on topics related to the definition of the concept and on analyzing its application and the results obtained by large firms and governments through case studies. The literature recognizes that fact that the evolution of this topic creates a need to delve deeper in its study while applying it to other types of organizations and studying the effects that Competitive Intelligence produces in greater depth. Therefore, this study's objective is to analyze the effects that the use of CI has on different financial and not financial variables within a sample of SMEs. Design/methodology: The work follows the classical research scheme with literature review, statement of hypotheses and application of quantitative empirical methodology, collecting information through questionnaires sent by email, for further processing and statistical testing using ANOVA models, which allow get results and conclusions. Findings: This study's contribution comes from providing a new way to focus on the effects of de CI in companies and goes further than most of the studies cases and big companies. Therefore, its contributions are to analyze the effect of the CI within a group of SMEs and, using an empiric methodology, to look for causal relationships through financial and non-financial variables and tests on the hypotheses. The results show that Competitive Intelligence improves SMEs' adaptation capacity to their environment, improves their innovation capacity and supports value creation in their businesses. Research limitations/implications: The lack in the literature from previous studies that focused on samples of SMEs makes it possible to provide guidance and to make comparisons with the work that we carried out here. The sample size (79 companies) makes it difficult to extrapolate results. In addition, in the future it would be more appropriate to identify and analyze variables of different business sectors. Originality/value: This work provides a step forward in measuring the effects generated by Competitive Intelligence in SMEs, making it possible to demonstrate that only case studies have been analyzed. It also incorporates an approach using financial and non-financial variables that can guide future research as well as companies that want to generate their own self-assessment systems.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • AENOR (2011). Norma UNE 166006:2011 Gestion de la I+D+i: Sistema de vigilancia tecnológica e inteligencia competitiva.
  • Antia, K.D., & Hesford, J.W. (2007). a Process-Oriented View of Competitive Intelligence and its Impact on Organizational Performance. Journal of Competitive Intelligence and Management, 4(1), 3-31.
  • Aspinall, Y. (2011). Competitive intelligence in the biopharmaceutical industry: The Key elements. Business Information Review, 28(2), 101-104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0266382111411070
  • Attaway, M.C. (1998). A review of issues related to gathering and assessing competitive intelligence. American Business Review, 16(1), 25-35.
  • Benavides, C, & Quintana, C. (2006). Inteligencia Competitiva, prospectiva e innovación. La norma UNE 166006 EX sobre el sistema de vigilancia tecnológica. Boletin Economico de ICE, 2896, 47-61.
  • Blenkhorn, D.L., & Fleisher C.S. (2007). Performance Assessment in Competitive Intelligence: An Exploration, Synthesis, and Research Agenda. Journal of Competitive Intelligence and Management, 4(2), 4-22.
  • Brody, R. (2008). Issues in Defining Competitive Intelligence: An Exploration. Journal of Competitive Intelligence and Management, 4(3), 3-16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/emr.2008.4648884
  • Bulger, N. (2013). Competitive Intelligence Professional Growth. Strategic and Competitive Intelligence Professionals, 5(4), 57-68.
  • Calof, J.L., & Wright, S. (2008). Competitive intelligence: A practitioner, academic and inter-disciplinary perspective. European Journal of Marketing, 42(7/8), 717-730. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03090560810877114
  • Cámara de Comercio de Cantabria (2014). Informes de Coyuntura Industrial de Cantabria, IV Trimestre 2014. Disponible online en: http://www.camaracantabria.com/. (Fecha de último acceso: enero, 2015).
  • Cleland, D.I., & King, W.R. (1975). Competitive business intelligence systems. Business Horizons, 18(6), 19-28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0007-6813(75)90036-1
  • Chen, H., Chan, M., & Zeng, D. (2002). CI Spider: A tool for competitive intelligence on the web. Decision Support Systems, 34, 1-17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0167-9236(02)00002-7
  • Dedrick, J., Gurbaxani, V., & Kraemer, K.L. (2003). Information technology and economic performance: A critical review of the empirical evidence. ACM Computing surveys, 35(1), 1-28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/641865.641866
  • Dirección General de Industria y de la Pyme (2015). Retrato de las Pyme 2015. Disponible online en: http://www.ipyme.org/Publicaciones/Retrato PYME 2015.pdf. (Fecha de último acceso: enero, 2015).
  • Donohue, D.P., & Murphy, P.M. (2016). Supporting Competitive Intelligence at DuPont by Controlling Information Overload and Cutting Through the Noise. Journal of Information & Knowledge Management (online bajo pago). http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/S0219649216500040
  • Escorsa, P., & Maspons, R. (2001). De la Vigilancia Tecnológica a la Inteligencia Competitiva. Madrid: Prentice Hall.
  • European Comission (2015) Innovation Union Scoreboard 2015. Disponible online en: http://ec.europa.eu/growth/industry/innovation/facts-figures/scoreboards/files/ius-2015 en.pdf
  • Eurofound, Agency of the European Union (2013). Report, Restructuring in SMEs in Europe. Disponible online en: www.eurofound.europa.eu/publications /htmlfiles /ef1247.htm
  • Gaidelys, V., & Meidute, I. (2012). Instruments and methods of competitive intelligence. Economics and Management, 17(3), 971-977. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.em.17.3.2122
  • Gile, K., Kirby, J.P., Karel, R., Teubner, C., Driver, E., & Murphy, B. (2006). Topic overview: Business intelligence. Retrieved from Forrester database.
  • Ghoshal, S., & Westney, D.E. (1991). Organizing competitor analysis systems. Strategic Management Journal, 12(1), 17-31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250120103
  • Hair, J.F., Black, W.C., Babin, B.J., Anderson, R.E., & Tatham, R.L. (2006). Multivariate data analysis. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
  • Herring, J.P., & Leavitt, J. (2011). The Roadmap to a World-Class Competitive Intelligence Program. Competitive Intelligence, 14(1), 9-28.
  • ICANE, Instituto Cántabro de Estadística (2014). Encuesta industrial de empresas de Cantabria 2014. Disponible online en: http://www.icane.es/. (Fecha de último acceso: enero, 2015).
  • INE, Instituto Nacional de Estadistica (2014). Disponible online en: http: //www.ine.es /dynt3 /metadatos /es /RespuestaDatos.htm?oe=30061
  • Kohli, R., & Grover, V. (2008). Business Value of IT: An Essay on Expanding Research Directions to Keep up with the Times. Journal of the association for information systems, 9(1), 15-42.
  • Köseoglu, M.A., Ross, G., & Okumus, F. (2015). Competitive intelligence practices in hotels. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 53, 161-172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2015.11.002
  • Lan, M.A. (2012). Research on the Utilization of Competitive Intelligence in Science and Technology Periodical Publication. Information Science, 1, 5-17.
  • Luu, T.T. (2013). Leading to learning and competitive intelligence. The Teaming Organization, 20(3), 216-239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09696471311328460
  • Maltz, E., & Kohli, A.K. (1996). Market Intelligence dissemination across funtional boundaries. Journal of Marketiong Research, 35(1), 47-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3152012
  • Miller, S.H. (2001). Competitive Intelligence an overview. Competitive Intelligence Magazine, 1(11), 1-14.
  • Montes, J., & Lloveras, J. (2009). La vigilancia tecnológica e inteligencia competitiva como proceso sistemático para la gestión de la información y la innovación en los centros de innovación y tecnología espanoles. En: Semana Iberoamericana-Mediterranea del Desarrollo basado en el Conocimiento DBC Alicante, 1-20.
  • Morcillo, P. (2003). De la vigilancia e inteligencia competitiva a la creación de conocimientos. Madrid. Diponible online en: http: //www.madrimasd.org/revista/revista17/tribuna/tribuna1.asp. (Fecha de último acceso: Febrero, 2015).
  • OCDE (2009). The impact of the global crisis on SME and entrepreneurship financing and policy responses. In Contribution to the OECD Strategic Response to the Financial and Economic Crisis, France 2009.
  • OECD (2011). Espana Politicas para una Recuperación Sostenible. Disponible online en: http://www.oecd.org/spain/44660757.pdf
  • OECD (2015). Taxation of SMEs in OECD and G20 Countries 2015. DOI: 10.1787/9789264243507-en
  • Palop, F., & Vicente, J.M. (1999). Vigilancia Tecnológica. Valencia: Fundación COTEC, Estudio n° 14.
  • Pearce, F.T. (1976). Business Intelligence Systems: The need, development, and integration. Industrial Marketing Management, 5(2/3), 115-138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0019-8501(76)90035-3
  • Pérez-González, D., & Díaz-Díaz, R. (2015). Public Services Provided with ICT in the Smart City Environment: The Case of Spanish Cities. Journal of Universal Computer Science, 21(2), 248-267.
  • Prescott, J.E. (1989). Competitive Intelligence: Its Role and Function in Organizations. Advances in Competitive Intelligence. Vienna: J.E. Prescott (Ed.).
  • Powelt, T., & Dent-Micallef, A. (1997). Information Technology as Competitive Advantage: The Role of Human, Business and Technology Resources. Strategic Management Journal, 18(5), 375-405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199705)18:5375::AID-SMJ8763.3.CO;2-Z
  • Rey Vázquez, L. (2006). Ferroatlántica I+D y la vigilancia tecnológica. El profesional de la Information, 15(6), 420-425. http://dx.doi.org/10.3145/epi.2006.nov.03
  • Sewdass, N., & Du Toit, A. (2014). Current state of competitive intelligence in South Africa. International Journal of Information Management, 34(2), 185-190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2013.10.006
  • Soto-Acosta, P., Placer-Maruri, E., & Pérez-González, D. (2016). A case analysis of a product lifecycle information management framework for SMEs. International Journal of Information Management, 36(2), 240-244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2015.12.001
  • Tabor, E. (2012). Review of Pharmaceutical Competitive Intelligence for the Regulatory Affairs Professional. Drug Information Journal, 46(6), 745-746. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0092861512460760
  • Tena, J., & Comai, A. (2004). La Inteligenda Competitiva en las Multinacionales Catalanas. Barcelona, EMECOM.
  • Trigueros-Preciado, S., Pérez-González, D., & Solana-González, P. (2013). Cloud computing in industrial SMEs: Identification of the barriers to its adoption and effects of its application. Electronic Markets, 23(2), 105-114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12525-012-0120-4
  • Vergara, J. (2006). La Vigilancia Tecnológica antes y después de la UNE 166006:2006 EX. Puzzle: Revista de Inteligenda Competitiva, 5(22), 37-41.
  • Yin, C.Y. (2015). Measuring organizational impacts by integrating competitive intelligence into executive information system. Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, 1-15 (online). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10845-015-1135-4