Bienestar psicológico y mobbing en una muestra de profesionales de los sectores educativo y sanitario

  1. García Izquierdo, Mariano
  2. Llor Esteban, Bartolomé
  3. García Izquierdo, Antonio León 1
  4. Ruiz Hernández, José Antonio
  1. 1 Universidad de Oviedo
    info

    Universidad de Oviedo

    Oviedo, España

    ROR https://ror.org/006gksa02

Revista:
Revista de psicología del trabajo y de las organizaciones = Journal of work and organizational psychology

ISSN: 1576-5962

Año de publicación: 2006

Título del ejemplar: Acoso Psicológico en el Trabajo

Volumen: 22

Número: 3

Páginas: 381-396

Tipo: Artículo

Otras publicaciones en: Revista de psicología del trabajo y de las organizaciones = Journal of work and organizational psychology

Resumen

The authors review their studies on workplace harassment (WPH), mobbing or adult bullying carried out in the Madrid Institute of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Research over the last 6 years. These studies include the description of the Institutional Harassment Syndrome, the development of the LIPT-60 (an extended and improved version of the Leymann Inventory of Psychological Terrorization), the assessment of the psychopathological profile of WPH targets through the SCL90R and their relations with the profile of harassment dimensions, and the development of a specific therapeutic procedure. WPH targets show severe psychopathology on the SCL90R, higher than ambulatory psychiatric patients in the dimensions of somatization, depression, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, hostility and paranoid ideation. Within the same age range, the frequency of single persons is notably higher among WPH victims than in the general population. The socioeconomic level is negatively related with the severity of psychopathology. The dimensions of interpersonal sensitivity and paranoid ideation show negative correlations, which supports our hypothesis of the paranogenic effect of WPH –independently from interpersonal susceptibility and from the tendency to attribute negative interpretations to other people’s behaviour.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Agervold, M. y Mikkelsen, E.G. (2004). Relationships between bullying, psychosocial work environment and individual stress reactions. Work and Stress, 18(4), 336-351.
  • Aiken, L. S. y West, S. G. (1991). Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Björkqvist, K., Österman, K. y Lagerspetz, K.M.J. (1994). Sex differences in covert aggression among adults. Aggressive Behaviour, 20, 27-33.
  • Brodsky, C.M. (1976). The harassed worker. Toronto: Lexington Books, DC Heath and Company.
  • Coyne, I., Seigne, E. y Randall, P. (2000). Predicting workplace victim status from personality. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 9(3), 335-349.
  • Crampton, S. M. y Wagner, J. A., III. (1994). Percept-percept inflation in microorganizational research: An investigation of prevalence and effect. Journal of Applied Psychology, 79, 67-76.
  • Einarsen, S. (2000). Harassment and bullying at work: a review of the Scandinavian approach. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 4(5), 379-401.
  • Einarsen, S. y Skogstad, A. (1996). Bullying at work: epidemiological findings in public and private organizations. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 5, 185–201.
  • Einarsen, S., Raknes, B.I. y Matthiesen, S.B. (1994). Bullying and harassment at work and their relationships to work environment quality: An exploratory study. European Work and Organizational Psychologist, 4(4), 381-401.
  • Einarsen, S., Raknes, B. I., Matthiesen, S. B. y Hellesøy, O. H. (1994). Mobbing og harde personkonflikter. Helsefarlig samspill pa arbeidsplassen [Bullying and severe interpersonal conflicts. Unhealthy interaction at work]. Soreidgrend: Sigma Forlag.
  • Einarsen, S., Raknes, B. I., Matthiesen, S. B. y Hellesøy, O. H. (1996). Bullying at work and its relationships with health complaints-moderating effects of social support and personality. Nordisk Psykologi, 48(2), 116-137.
  • Gandolfo, R. (1995). MMPI-2 profiles of worker’s compensation claimants who present with complaints of harassment. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 51, 711–715.
  • Glaso, L., Matthiesen, S.B., Nielsen, M.B. y Einarsen, S. (2006). Do targets of workplace bullying portray a general victim personality profile?. Trabajo presentado en el 5th International Conference on Bullying and Harassment in the Workplace, Dublin, Irlanda.
  • Goldberg, D.P. y Hillier, V.F. (1979). A scaled version of the General Health Questionnaire. Psychological Medicine, 9, 139-145.
  • Hansen, A.M., Hogh, A., Persson, R., Karlson, B, Garde, A.H. y Orbaek, P. (2006). Bullying at work, health outcomes, and physiological stress response. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 60, 63-72.
  • Hoel, H. y Salin, D. (2003). Organisational antecedents of workplace bullying. En S. Einarsen, H. Hoel, D. Zapf y C. Cooper (Eds.). Bullying and Emotional Abuse in the Workplace: International Perspectives in Research and Practice (203-218). London: Taylor & Francis.
  • Hoel, H., Faraguer, B. y Cooper, C.L. (2004). Bullying is detrimental to health, but all bullying behaviours are not necessarily equally damaging. British Journal of Guidance y Counselling, 32(3), 367-387.
  • Hogh, A. y Dofradottir, A. (2001). Coping with bullying in the workplace. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 10(4), 485-495.
  • Hogh, A., Henriksson, M. E. y Burr, H. (2005). A 5-Year follow-up study of aggression at work and psychological health. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 12(4), 256-265.
  • Kleinbaum, D. G., Kupper, L. L., y Mueller, K. E. (1988). Applied regression analysis and other multivariable methods. Boston: PWS-KENT Publishing Company.
  • Knorz, C., y Zapf, D. (1996). Mobbing - eine extreme Form sozialer Stressoren am Arbeitsplatz [Mobbing—an extreme form of social stressors at work] . Zeitschrift für Arbeitsund Organisationspsychologie, 40 (1), 12-21.
  • Leymann, H. (1996). The content and development at work. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 5(2), 165–184.
  • Leymann, H. y Gustafsson, A. (1996). Mobbing at work and the development of posttraumatic stress disorders. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 5, 251–275.
  • Lindell, M. K. y Whitney, D. J. (2001). Accounting for common method variance in cross-sectional research designs. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 114-121.
  • Lobo, A. y Muñoz, P.E. (1996). Cuestionario de Salud General (GHQ). Guía para el usuario de las distintas versiones. Barcelona: Masson.
  • Matthiesen, S. B. y Einarsen, S. (2001). MMPI-2 configurations among victims of bullying at work. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 10(4),467-484.
  • Mikkelsen, E.G. y Einarsen, S. (2002a). Relationships between exposure to bullying at work and psychological and psychosomatic health complaints: the role of state negative affectivity and generalized self-efficacy. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 43(5), 397-405.
  • Mikkelsen. E.G. y Einarsen, S. (2002b). Basic assumptions and symptoms of post-traumatic stress among victims of bullying at work. European Journal of work and Organisational Psychology, 11(1), 87-111.
  • Moreno-Jiménez, B., RodríguezMuñoz, A., Garrosa, E. y Morante, M.E. (2005a). Antecedentes organizacionales del acoso psicológico en el trabajo: un estudio exploratorio. Psicothema, 17(4), 627-632.
  • Moreno-Jiménez, B., RodríguezMuñoz, A., Garrosa, E. y Morante, M.E. (2005b). Acoso psicológico en el trabajo: una aproximación organizacional. Revista de Psicologia del Trabajo y de las Organizaciones, 20(3), 277-289.
  • Moreno-Jiménez, B., RodríguezMuñoz, A., Garrosa, E., Morante, M.E. y Rodríguez, R. (2005c). Diferencias de género en el acoso psicológico en el trabajo: un estudio en población española. Psicología em estudo, 10(1), 3-10.
  • Niedl, K. (1995). Mobbing/ bullying at the work place. München: Rainer Hampp Verlag.
  • Niedl, K. (1996). Mobbing and wellbeing: Economic and personnel development implications. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 5, 239–249.
  • Nielsen, M. B., Matthiesen, S. B. y Einarsen, S. (2006). Sense of coherence among victims of workplace bullying: preliminary findings. Trabajo presentado en el 5th International Conference on Bullying and Harassment in the Workplace, Dublin, Irlanda.
  • O’Moore, M., Seigne, E., McGuire, L. y Smith, M. (1998). Victims of bullying at work in Ireland. Journal of Occupational Health and Safety: Australia and New Zealand, 14(6), 568-574.
  • Piñuel, I. (2003). Mobbing manual de autoayuda: claves para reconocer y superar el acoso en el trabajo. Aguilar: Madrid.
  • Rathus, S. A. (1973). A 30-item schedule for assessing assertive behavior. Behavior Therapy, 4, 398-406.
  • Rayner, C. (1998). Workplace bullying: Do something!. Journal of Occupational Health an Safety-Australia and New Zealand, 14(6), 581-585.
  • Rodríguez-Muñoz, A., MorenoJiménez, B., Morante, M.E. y RodríguezCarvajal, R. (2006). Exposure to bullying and risk for posttraumatic stress disorder: gender differences and shattered assumptions. Trabajo presentado en el 5th International Conference on Bullying and Harassment in the Workplace, Dublin, Irlanda.
  • Ryan, T. (1997). Modern regression methods. New York: Wiley.
  • Salin, D. (2003). The significance of gender in the prevalence, forms and perceptions of workplace bullying. Nordiske Organisasjonstudier, 5(3), 30-50.
  • Salin, D. (2004). Organisational measures against bullying: The view of business professionals. Trabajo presentado en el 4th International Conference on Bullying and Harassment in the Workplace, Bergen, Noruega.
  • Soares, A. (2004). Bullying, post-traumatic stress disorders, and social support. Trabajo presentado en el 4th International Conference on Bullying and Harassment in the Workplace, Bergen, Noruega.
  • Vartia, M. (1996). The sources of bul- lying psychological work environment and organizational climate. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 5(2), 203-214.
  • Watson, D. y Friend, R. (1969). Measurement of social-evaluative anxiety. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 33, 448-457.
  • Zapf, D. (1999a). Organisational, work group related and personal causes of mobbing/bullying at work. International Journal of Manpower, 20 (1), 70-85.
  • Zapf, D. (1999b). Mobbing in organisationen. Ein Überblick zum Stand der Forschung [Mobbing in organisations. A state of art review]. Zeitschrift für Arveitsand Organisationpsychologie, 43, 1-25.
  • Zapf, D. y Einarsen, S. (2003). Individual antecedents of bullying. En S. Einarsen, H. Hoel, D. Zapf y C. Cooper (Eds.). Bullying and Emotional Abuse in the Workplace: International Perspectives in Research and Practice (165-184). London: Taylor & Francis.
  • Zapf, D. y Gross, C. (2001). Conflict escalation and coping with workplace bullying: A replication and extension. European Journal of work and Organisational Psychology, 10(4), 497-522.
  • Zapf, D., Knorz, C. y Kulla, M. (1996). On the relationship between mobbing fac- tors, and job content, social work environment and health outcomes. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 5(2), 215–237.